Chapter 14 Flashcards
EXPLAIN
What is the difference between an expressive role and an instrumental role?
Expressive roles are typically directed towards women, saying they should be cooperative, nurturing and sensitive, while Instrumental roles are directed towards men, telling them they should be dominant, assertive and goal oriented
DEFINE
Gender typing
Process by which children acquire gender roles
DEFINE
Intersectionality
The overlapping impact of race, gender, sexuality and social class
EXPLAIN
What is the evolutionary theory of gender role development?
some gender role differences stem from biological factors, specifically differing reproductive strategies and pressures related to mate selection and parental investment, which have shaped behaviors and psychological traits over time
EXPLAIN
What is the biosocial theory of gender role development?
posits that both biological factors (hormones and genes) and social factors (cultural expectations and societal roles) interact to shape gender development
EXPLAIN
What is the psychobiosocial theory of gender role development?
suggests that gender identity and expression are shaped by the complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors, rather than being solely determined by one aspect
EXPLAIN
What is the Social Learning theory of gender role development?
A model that has 2 ways of acquiring gender identity:
1. Direct Tuition: learned through the inforcement of “gender appropriate” behaviours
2. Observational Learning: Mimicking of same-sex models
EXPLAIN
What is Kohlberg’s cognitive-developmental theory of gender role development?
posits that children actively construct their understanding of gender through a series of stages, moving from basic gender labeling to understanding gender constancy
LIST
What are the 3 stages in Kohlberg’s cognitive-developmental theory of gender role development?
- Basic Gender Identity (Age 3)
- Gender Stability
- Gender Consistency
EXPLAIN
What is the gender schema theory of gender role development?
a cognitive process where individuals create mental frameworks (schemas) to organize information about gender, influencing their understanding and behavior.
EXPLAIN
What is the integrative theory of gender role development?
gender roles are learned through a combination of social learning, cognitive development, and biological influences, rather than solely relying on one factor
combination of biological, social learning, and gender schema theories
