Chapter 7 Flashcards
EXPLAIN
What is the difference between sensation and perception?
Sensation is the mental process resulting from external information being transmitted to the brain, while perception is the interpretation of sensory input
EXPLAIN
What do Empiricists believe in relation to nature vs nurture?
Infants are blank slates, and need to learn to interpret sensations
Nurture argument
LIST
Who is an emipiricist that we discussed?
Williams James
EXPLAIN
What do Nativists believe in terms of nature vs nuture?
They believe that basic perceptual abilities are innnate
Nature argument
LIST
Who are 2 Nativists we have discussed in this class?
Rene Descartes and Immanuel Kant
EXPLAIN
What is the Enrichment Theory?
The theory that we need to combine schemes with sensory stimulation in order to make sense of the information
WHO, WHY, WHERE?
Who came up with the Enrichment Theory?
Jean Piaget
EXPLAIN
What is the Differentiation Theory?
The theory that sensory information can be interpreted on its own, using cues within the stimulation
WHO, WHY, WHERE?
Who came up with the differentiation theory?
Eleanor Gibson
#WomenInSTEM
EXPLAIN
What is the preference method in measuring an infants perception?
A method in which an infant is presented with 2 stimuli at the same time, and the attention paid to each stimuli is measured
EXPLAIN
What can be an issue with using the preference method?
When no specific preference is shown, it is not clear if the infant failed to differentiate them or if they were equally interesting to the subject
WHO, WHY, WHERE?
Who coined the preference method?
Robert Fantz
EXPLAIN
What is the habituation method in measuring an infants perception?
A method in which a stimulus is presented repeatedly until a habitual response forms to the stimuli, then a second stimulus is presented to see if the habitual response is observed to the new stimulus
EXPLAIN
How does the High-Amplitude Sucking research method work?
Baby can control stimulus through the speed/force of their suckling; if the baby is able to decipher between different stimulus, the rates will increase for more liked stimulus
EXPLAIN
What is the Evoked Potentials research method?
The use of recorded brain electrical activity to determine what the baby can sense or perceive from different stimulation
LIST
What are the 2 types of brain imaging techniques?
- Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
- Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
DEFINE
Otitis Media
A bacterial infection of the middle ear that can result in hearing loss
of most concern from 6m to 3yrs
EXPLAIN
What is the visual Acuity of babies?
20/600 (legally blind)
EXPLAIN
At what age do babies reach the adult level of visual acuity?
12 months
DEFINE
Stereopsis
The fusion of 2 flat images to prduce a single image that has depth
EXPLAIN
At what age do we develop stereopsis by?
3 months
EXPLAIN
At what age do we develop perspective cues to depth by?
6 to 7 months
EXPLAIN
Are babies able to perceive an object to be the same size at different distances from birth?
if not, when does this develop?
Yes, this is developed at birth
WHO, WHY, WHERE?
Who used the visual cliff to test the depth perception of infants?
Eleanor Gibson and Richard Walk
DEFINE
Intermodal Perception
The ability to use one sensory model to identify something they are already fimilar with
