Chapter 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Congress’s attempt to reassert itself into war-making policy came in the form of what bill?

A

War Powers Resolution

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2
Q

The __________ consists of members from the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, as well as a chairman and vice chairman

A

Joint Chiefs of Staff

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3
Q

Free trade is when a country allows the unfettered flow of goods and services between itself and other countries. At the other end of the spectrum is this approach, in which a country does not permit imports or charges high tariffs for imports

A

Protectionism

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4
Q

President Washington was in favor of this foreign policy stance, and in fact, warned against the creation of “entangling alliances” in his farewell address

A

Isolationism

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5
Q

Which of these is not a main goal of U.S. foreign policy?

A

Peaceful relations on the world stage with foreign powers

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6
Q

This is the establishment and maintenance of a formal relationship between countries that governs their interactions on matters as diverse as tourism to the taxation of goods they trade, among other factors

A

Diplomacy

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7
Q

Today, the United Nations includes all but _____ of the 195 nations of the world

A

2

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8
Q

This is the collective understanding of the goals that a state’s officials seek to attain abroad. It can also consist of the values that give rise to those objectives, and the means or instruments used to pursue these objectives

A

Foreign policy

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9
Q

This is the foremost international organization in the world today

A

United Nations

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10
Q

The most famous foreign policy emergency in America came during the _________, in which the Soviet Union enacted threatening action on American soil

A

Cuban Missile Crisis

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11
Q

After World War I, President Wilson and others attempted to form this important international organization. Unfortunately, it was not able to do much on the world stage and dissolved

A

League of Nations

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12
Q

The U.S. president is allowed to carry out military operations on foreign soil for ______ days before Congress must either approve the extension of those operations or declare war

A

60

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13
Q

This theory suggests that the president can act in decisively different measures on foreign policy and domestic policy, and that some presidents are more successful on the former

A

Two presidencies thesis

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14
Q

While the president may be the lead representative in America’s foreign policy, Congress also has important functions relating this the international stage. Which of these is a committee dealing with Congressional oversight of foreign policy?

A

a. Foreign Affairs Committee
b. Committee on Armed Services
c. Committee on Foreign Relations
d. All of the above***

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15
Q

Unlike the use of military power, nonmilitary tools, such as economic sanctions or propagandizing, would be considered as what sort of power on the world stage?

A

Soft power

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16
Q

Under the treaty process, a president negotiates an international treaty, the Senate consents to it by a _____ vote, and then the president ratifies it.

A

2/3

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17
Q

This modern political ideology deals with the aggressive use or threat of hard power in foreign affairs.

A

Neoconservatism

18
Q

The ___________ strategy is the idea that a country should employ all available diplomatic, economic, and military resources to advance the national interest.

19
Q

According to the text, which of these is not a challenge in American foreign policy?

A

The impact of American-based supply-side economics has created social upheaval across the world

20
Q

Multiple foreign policy agencies come together to form the president’s ___________.

A

National Security Council

21
Q

a situation in which no one nation or region is much more powerful militarily than any
other in the world

A

balance of power

22
Q

the relationship between a country’s inflow and outflow of goods

A

balance of trade

23
Q

the period from shortly after World War II until approximately 1989–1990 when advanced
industrial democracies divided behind the two superpowers (East: Soviet Union, West: United States)
and the fear of nuclear war abounded

24
Q

an international agreement that is not a treaty and that is negotiated
by the president and approved by a simple majority of the House and Senate

A

congressional executive agreement

25
the effort by the United States and Western European allies, begun during the Cold War, to prevent the spread of communism
containment
26
the establishment and maintenance of a formal relationship between countries
diplomacy
27
a government’s goals in dealing with other countries or regions and the strategy used to achieve them
foreign policy
28
a policy in which a country allows the unfettered flow of goods and services between itself and other countries
free trade
29
the use or threat of military power to influence the behavior of another country
hard power
30
a foreign policy approach that advocates a nation’s staying out of foreign entanglements and keeping to itself
isolationism
31
a foreign policy approach of becoming proactively engaged in world affairs by cooperating in a community of nations
liberal internationalism
32
a policy of distancing the United States from the United Nations and other international organizations, while still participating in the world economy
neo-isolationism
33
the belief that, rather than exercising restraint, the United States should aggressively use its might to promote its values and ideals around the world
neoconservatism
34
a cross-national military organization with bases in | Belgium and Germany formed to maintain stability in Europe
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
35
a policy in which a country does not permit other countries to sell goods and services within its borders or charges them very high tariffs (import taxes) to do so
protectionism
36
a policy of retaining a strong military presence and remaining engaged across the world
selective engagement
37
nonmilitary tools used to influence another country, such as economic sanctions
soft power
38
an international agreement that is not a treaty and that is negotiated and approved by the president acting alone
sole executive agreement
39
``` an international agreement entered by the United States that requires presidential negotiation with other nation(s), consent by two-thirds of the Senate, and final ratification by the president ```
treaty
40
the thesis by Wildavsky that there are two distinct presidencies, one for foreign and one for domestic policy, and that presidents are more successful in foreign than domestic policy
two presidencies thesis
41
an international organization of nation-states that seeks to promote peace, international relations, and economic and environmental programs
United Nations (UN)