Chapter 14 Flashcards
Those who align with the ___________________ see the government as a mechanism for addressing issues that matter to the unique citizen
Individualistic political culture
Practically, state and local governments must work together to ensure the adequate delivery of services. To achieve this, charters are granted by the state and __________ is implemented, which gives municipalities some degree of autonomy
home rule
Before the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, the power of the state governments __________ that held by the national government
exceeded
The easiest form of government for citizens to interact with is their ______________ government
Local
The most common form of county government is the _______________ system, under which an elected body serves as the governing body, performing all legislative and executive functions
Commission system
Federal and State governments share powers in addition to retaining their own. Which of these powers is shared by the state and federal governments?
a. The power to collect income and corporate tax
b. The power to build and maintain the interstate and highway systems
c. The power to enforce laws
d. All of the above**
The greatest percentage of those living below the poverty line in the United States live within what region?
American South
Under this system of government, the members of the city council are elected by voters. The council then appoints a city manager to carry out the administrative functions of that government
Council-manager system
This rule _________________ argues that state actions trump those of the local government and have supremacy. In this view, cities and towns exist only at the pleasure of the state
Dillon’s rule
States have the power to ratify amendments to the U.S. Constitution before they are approved. Which amendment was the only one ratified using the state ratifying method?
21st amendment
According to historian Daniel Elazar, America could be divided into three distinct political cultures. Which are they?
a. Moralistic
b. Traditionalistic
c. Individualistic
This act requires the Congressional Budget Office to provide information about the cost of any proposed governmental order that exceeds a specified threshold before that bill can be considered due to the potential cost burden on the states
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
T/F: Dillon’s Rule gives local governments the freedom and flexibility to make decisions for themselves.
False
In a ________ political culture, the government is seen as a mechanism for maintaining the existing social order or status quo.
traditionalistic
Under a ________ political culture, citizens will tend to be more tolerant of corruption from their political leaders and less likely to see politics as a noble profession in which all citizens should engage
individualistic
________ was the first state to institute all mail-in voting and automatic voter registration
Oregon
A ________ is an officeholder who represents the will of those who elected him or her and acts in constituents’ expressed interest
delegate
In a ________ legislature, members tend to have low salaries, shorter sessions, and few staff members to assist them with their legislative functions
citizens
A(n) ________ veto allows the governor to cross out budget lines in the legislature-approved budget, while signing the remainder of the budget into law
reduction
T/F: Under consecutive term limits, legislators can serve one time for the number of years allotted and are not permitted to ever compete for the office again.
False
The most common term limit across the states that have imposed them is ________ years
8
When term limits have been overturned, the most common method was ________.
a decision by the state Supreme Court
T/F: Term limits have produced a statistically significant increase in the number of women serving in state legislatures.
false
Currently, ________ states have term limits in place.
15
Under the mayor-council system, the ________
legislative and executive responsibilities are separated
Which of the following is not one of the three forms of county government?
the mayor-council system
________ dictate the terms and conditions state governments would have to meet in order to qualify for financial assistance in a specific policy area.
categorical grants
The Tenth Amendment created a class of powers exclusive to state governments. These powers are referred to as ________.
reserved powers
a veto that allows a governor to send a bill back to the legislature with a message requesting a specific amendment
amendatory veto
a document that provides a framework and detailed account of local government responsibilities
and areas of authority
charter
an elected commission that serves as the governing body within a given county
commission system
caps allowing a member of the legislature to serve for only a specified period of time in either the state house or senate and forcing a wait before the member can run again
consecutive term limits
an elected council that appoints an administrator to oversee the operation of the county government
council-administrator system
a county government in which voters elect both the members of the council and the executive
council-elected executive system
a structure of government in which elected members of the city council appoint a city manager to carry out administrative functions
council-manager system
a legislator who represents the will of those who elected him or her to office and acts in their expressed interest, even when it goes against a personal belief about what is ultimately in the constituencies best interest
delegate legislator
a legal principle that holds state power and actions above those of local governments and
declares state governments to be sovereign relative to local governments
Dillon’s rule
those powers specifically provided to the Congress and the president in the U.S.
Constitution
expressed powers
those powers a governor may exercise that are specifically outlined in the state
constitution or state law
formal powers
principle that provides local governments some degree of independence from the state
government, typically detailed in a charter
home rule
those powers not specifically detailed in the U.S. Constitution but inferred as necessary
to achieve the objectives of the national government
implied powers
a culture that views the government as a mechanism for addressing
issues that matter to individual citizens and for pursuing individual goals
individualistic political culture
a rule that members can serve only one time in the state legislature for the number of years
allotted and may not run again
lifetime ban
a state governor’s ability to strike out a line or individual portions of a bill while letting
the remainder pass into law
line-item veto
a structure of government in which both city council members and the mayor are
elected by voters
mayor-council system
a culture that views the government as a means to better society and promote
the general welfare
moralistic political culture
a governor’s action to absolve someone of blame for a crime and secure his or her release from
prison
pardon
a governor’s authority to reduce the amount budgeted in a piece of legislation
reduction veto
rules that restrict the length of time a member can serve in the state legislature
term limits
a culture that views the government as necessary to maintaining the
existing social order or the status quo
traditionalistic political culture
an officeholder who believes he or she was elected to exercise judgment and to know best by
virtue of having the time and expertise to study and understand an issue
trustee
