Chapter 1

Question 1

What goods are available to all w/o direct payment?

Answer 1

public goods

Question 2

In which form of government does a small group of elite people hold political power?

Answer 2

oligarchy

Question 3

What is the difference between a representative democracy and a direct democracy?

Answer 3

In a direct democracy people participate directly in making government decisions, and in a representative democracy, the citizens do not govern directly, they vote for representatives to vote for them.

Question 4

What does government do for the people?

Answer 4

regulate public access to common goods, provide public goods, and appeal to the people

Question 5

The elite theory of government maintains that ________.

Answer 5

wealthy, politically powerful people control government, and government has no interest in meeting the needs of ordinary people

Question 6

goods that all people may use but that are of limited supply

Answer 6

common goods

Question 7

a form of government where political power rests in the hands of the people

Answer 7

democracy

Question 8

a form of government where people participate directly in making government decisions instead of choosing representatives to do this for them

Answer 8

direct democracy

Question 9

claims political power rests in the hands of a small, elite group of people

Answer 9

elite theory

Question 10

the means by which a society organizes itself and allocates authority in order to accomplish collective goals

Answer 10

government

Question 11

the beliefs and ideals that help to shape political opinion and eventually policy

Answer 11

ideology

Question 12

beliefs and preferences based on strong feelings regarding an issue that someone adheres to over time

Answer 12

intense preferences

Question 13

beliefs and preferences people are not deeply committed to and that change over time

Answer 13

latent preferences

Question 14

a fundamental principle of democracy; the majority should have the power to make decisions binding upon the whole

Answer 14

majority rule

Question 15

protections for those who are not part of the majority

Answer 15

minority rights

Question 16

a form of government where one ruler, usually a hereditary one, holds political power

Answer 16

monarchy

Question 17

a form of government where a handful of elite society members hold political power

Answer 17

oligarchy

Question 18

strong support, or even blind allegiance, for a particular political party

Answer 18

partisanship

Question 19

claims political power rests in the hands of groups of people

Answer 19

pluralist theory

Question 20

influence over a government’s institutions, leadership, or policies

Answer 20

political power

Question 21

the process by which we decide how resources will be allocated and which policies government will pursue

Answer 21

politics

Question 22

goods provided by private businesses that can be used only by those who pay for them

Answer 22

private goods

Question 23

goods provided by government that anyone can use and that are available to all without charge

Answer 23

public goods

Question 24

a form of government where voters elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on behalf of all the people instead of allowing people to vote directly on laws

Answer 24

representative democracy

Question 25

connections with others and the willingness to interact and aid them

Answer 25

social capital

Question 26

a good that is available to many people but is used only by those who can pay the price to do so

Answer 26

toll good

Question 27

a form of government where government is all-powerful and citizens have no rights

Answer 27

totalitarianism

Question 28

3 main things government provides

Answer 28

1. education
2. healthcare
3. public transportation

Question 29

who stated that all people have a right to life, liberty, and property

Answer 29

John Locke

Question 30

who believed that people should be able to acquire property in any way they wished to

Answer 30

Adam Smith

Question 31

who wrote The Wealth of Nations in 1776

Answer 31

Adam Smith

Question 32

What year was the Constitution written?

Answer 32

1776

Question 33

democracy provides individualism and

Answer 33

freedom

Question 34

the means of generating wealth, such as factories, large farms, and banks, are owned by the government and not by private individuals

Answer 34

socialism

Question 35

example of a toll good

Answer 35

private schooling

Question 36

why are some common goods regulated?

Answer 36

sustainability, avoid extinction

Question 37

example of regulated common goods

Answer 37

fish

Question 38

equal treatment for all and the destruction of socioeconomic inequalities

Answer 38

egalitarianism

Question 39

what two theorist groups strongly influence the government’s choices

Answer 39

pluralists and elitists

Question 40

who claims that civic engagement is declining

Answer 40

Robert Putnam

Question 41

Putnam’s 4 main reasons for civic engagement decline

Answer 41

1. increased participation by women in the workforce
2. decrease in the number of marriages
3. increase in divorces
4. the effect of tech advances, such as the internet, that separate people

Question 42

what % of americans are involved politically somehow

Answer 42

70%