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Bio 100 > Chapter 16 (Lecture Exam 4) > Flashcards

Chapter 16 (Lecture Exam 4) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What kingdom is repersented by Bacteria?

A

Kingdom Monera

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2
Q

What represents the Kingdom Monera?

A

Bacteria

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3
Q

What are the oldest life-forms?

A

Prokaytotes/Bacteria

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4
Q

Do prokaryotes have a nuclear membrane?

A

No

nor do they have a true nucleus

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5
Q

What are essential in the decomposition of dead organisms?

A

Prokaryotes/Bacteria

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6
Q

What are the most numerous and widespread organism today?

A

Prokaryotes/Bacteria

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7
Q

What can survice in environments too extreme for eukaryotes?

A

Prokaryotes/Bacteria

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8
Q

What shapes can Prokaryotes/Bacteria be?

A

Spheres, Rods, Curves/Spirals

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9
Q

What are the main 3 cell features of Prokaryotes/Bacteria?

A

Cell Wall (+capsule), Pili, and Flagella

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10
Q

Do Bacteria reproduce quickly or slowly?

A

Quickly

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11
Q

What helps bacteria withstand extreme environments?

A

many adaptations

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12
Q

What are the two types of Nutrition for Bacteria?

A

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

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13
Q

Are more Bacteria Autotrophs or Heterotrophs?

A

Heterotrophs

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14
Q

How do Autotrophs obtain nutrition?

A

make their own organic compounds from inorganic sources

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15
Q

What word is used to describe an organism that makes their own organic compounds from inorganic sources?

A

Autotrophs

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16
Q

How do Heterotrophs obtain nutrition?

A

from organic compounds from other sources

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17
Q

What word is used to refer to organisms that obtain their nutritiens from organic compounds from other sources?

A

Heterotrophs

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18
Q
A
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19
Q

What are gram-positive bacteria?

A

Bacteria with a capsule around their cell wall

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20
Q

What are bacteria with a capsule around their cell wall refered to as?

A

Gram-positive bacteria

21
Q

What are Cyanobacteria known for?

A

photosynthesize in a plant-like way

22
Q

What type of bacteria can photozynthesize in a plant-like way?

A

Cyanobacteria

23
Q

What do Cyanobacteria provide for freshwater and marine ecosystems?

A

food

24
Q

What bacteria provides food for freshwater and marine ecosystems?

A

Cyanobacteria

25
Q

What are Exotoxins?

A

poisons secreted by pathogenic bacteria

26
Q

What are the poisons secreted by pathogenic bacteria refered to as?

A

Exotoxins

27
Q

What are Endotoxins?

A

components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria

28
Q

What are the components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria refered to as?

A

Endotoxins

29
Q

What is an example of Exotoxins?

A

Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

30
Q

What is Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) an example of?

A

Exotoxins

31
Q

What is an example of Endotoxins?

A

salmonella

32
Q

What is salmonella an example of?

A

Endotoxins

33
Q

What are the effects of Exotoxins?

A

causing disease

34
Q

What are the effects of Endotoxins?

A

fevers, aches, sometimes shock

35
Q

What are the benefits of bacteria?

A
  • Contribute to aquatic food chains
  • Release O₂ to the atmosphere
  • Convert nitrogen out of the atmosphere into simple forms for plants to use
  • Decompose organic wastes and dead organisms to inorganic chemicals
36
Q

Are Prostis mostly multicellular or unicellular?

A

Unicellular

37
Q

Fill in the blank

Protists are the most simplest ﹍﹍.

A

eukaryotes

38
Q

Are Ciliates Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

A

Animal-Like

39
Q

What are the characteritics of Cilates?

Prostisa

A

free living and two types of nuclei, and Animal-Like

40
Q

What protista are free living and have two types of nuclei?

A

Cilates

41
Q

Are Flagellates Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

A

Animal-Like

42
Q

What are the characteristics of Flagellates?

Prostia

A
  • anaerobic
  • two nuclei
  • multiple flagella
  • modified mitochondria
  • Animal-Like
43
Q

What protist are anaerobic, have two nuclei, multiple flagella, and a modified mitochondria?

A

Flagellates

44
Q

Are Apicomplexans Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

A

Animal-Like

45
Q

What are the characteristics of Apicomplexans?

(Protista)

A
  • spore-forming parasites
  • no cilia or flagella
  • Animal-Like
46
Q

What Protist are spore-forming parasites with no cilia or flagella?

A

Apicomplexans

47
Q

Are Ameobozoans Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

A

Animal-Like

48
Q

What are the characteristics of Ameobozoans?

A

have pseudopodia

Bio 100 (19 decks)

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