Chapter 16 (Lecture Exam 4)

Question 1

What kingdom is repersented by Bacteria?

Answer 1

Kingdom Monera

Question 2

What represents the Kingdom Monera?

Answer 2

Bacteria

Question 3

What are the oldest life-forms?

Answer 3

Prokaytotes/Bacteria

Question 4

Do prokaryotes have a nuclear membrane?

Answer 4

No

nor do they have a true nucleus

Question 5

What are essential in the decomposition of dead organisms?

Answer 5

Prokaryotes/Bacteria

Question 6

What are the most numerous and widespread organism today?

Answer 6

Prokaryotes/Bacteria

Question 7

What can survice in environments too extreme for eukaryotes?

Answer 7

Prokaryotes/Bacteria

Question 8

What shapes can Prokaryotes/Bacteria be?

Answer 8

Spheres, Rods, Curves/Spirals

Question 9

What are the main 3 cell features of Prokaryotes/Bacteria?

Answer 9

Cell Wall (+capsule), Pili, and Flagella

Question 10

Do Bacteria reproduce quickly or slowly?

Answer 10

Quickly

Question 11

What helps bacteria withstand extreme environments?

Answer 11

many adaptations

Question 12

What are the two types of Nutrition for Bacteria?

Answer 12

Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

Question 13

Are more Bacteria Autotrophs or Heterotrophs?

Answer 13

Heterotrophs

Question 14

How do Autotrophs obtain nutrition?

Answer 14

make their own organic compounds from inorganic sources

Question 15

What word is used to describe an organism that makes their own organic compounds from inorganic sources?

Answer 15

Autotrophs

Question 16

How do Heterotrophs obtain nutrition?

Answer 16

from organic compounds from other sources

Question 17

What word is used to refer to organisms that obtain their nutritiens from organic compounds from other sources?

Answer 17

Heterotrophs

Question 19

What are gram-positive bacteria?

Answer 19

Bacteria with a capsule around their cell wall

Question 20

What are bacteria with a capsule around their cell wall refered to as?

Answer 20

Gram-positive bacteria

Question 21

What are Cyanobacteria known for?

Answer 21

photosynthesize in a plant-like way

Question 22

What type of bacteria can photozynthesize in a plant-like way?

Answer 22

Cyanobacteria

Question 23

What do Cyanobacteria provide for freshwater and marine ecosystems?

Answer 23

food

Question 24

What bacteria provides food for freshwater and marine ecosystems?

Answer 24

Cyanobacteria

Question 25

What are Exotoxins?

Answer 25

poisons secreted by pathogenic bacteria

Question 26

What are the poisons secreted by pathogenic bacteria refered to as?

Answer 26

Exotoxins

Question 27

What are Endotoxins?

Answer 27

components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria

Question 28

What are the components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria refered to as?

Answer 28

Endotoxins

Question 29

What is an example of Exotoxins?

Answer 29

*Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA)

Question 30

What is *Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA) an example of?

Answer 30

Exotoxins

Question 31

What is an example of Endotoxins?

Answer 31

*salmonella*

Question 32

What is salmonella an example of?

Answer 32

Endotoxins

Question 33

What are the effects of Exotoxins?

Answer 33

causing disease

Question 34

What are the effects of Endotoxins?

Answer 34

fevers, aches, sometimes shock

Question 35

What are the benefits of bacteria?

Answer 35

* Contribute to aquatic food chains * Release O₂ to the atmosphere * Convert nitrogen out of the atmosphere into simple forms for plants to use * Decompose organic wastes and dead organisms to inorganic chemicals

Question 36

Are Prostis mostly multicellular or unicellular?

Answer 36

Unicellular

Question 37

# Fill in the blank Protists are the most simplest ﹍﹍.

Answer 37

eukaryotes

Question 38

Are Ciliates Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

Answer 38

Animal-Like

Question 39

What are the characteritics of Cilates? | Prostisa

Answer 39

free living and two types of nuclei, and Animal-Like

Question 40

What protista are free living and have two types of nuclei?

Answer 40

Cilates

Question 41

Are Flagellates Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

Answer 41

Animal-Like

Question 42

What are the characteristics of Flagellates? | Prostia

Answer 42

* anaerobic * two nuclei * multiple flagella * modified mitochondria * Animal-Like

Question 43

What protist are anaerobic, have two nuclei, multiple flagella, and a modified mitochondria?

Answer 43

Flagellates

Question 44

Are Apicomplexans Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

Answer 44

Animal-Like

Question 45

What are the characteristics of Apicomplexans? | (Protista)

Answer 45

* spore-forming parasites * no cilia or flagella * Animal-Like

Question 46

What Protist are spore-forming parasites with no cilia or flagella?

Answer 46

Apicomplexans

Question 47

Are Ameobozoans Animal-Like or Plant-Like?

Answer 47

Animal-Like

Question 48

What are the characteristics of Ameobozoans?

Answer 48

have pseudopodia