Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bio 100 > Chapter 11 (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Chapter 11 (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chromosome mutation?

A

a change in the structure of a chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a change in the structure of a chromosome called?

A

a chromosome mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the four types of chromosome mutations?

A

Inversion
Translocation
Deletion
Duplication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of chromosome mutation?
A B C D E F ==> A B C F E D

A

Inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of chromosome mutation?
A B C - - - ==> G H I J K L D E F

A

Translocation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of chromosome mutation?
A B C D E F ==> A B C - - -

A

Deletion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of chromosome mutation?
A B C D E F ==> A B C D E F E F E F E

A

Duplication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is nondisjunction?

A

the faulty attachment and separation of the chromosome to the spindle’s microtubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the terms used to refer to the faulty attachment and separation of the chromosome to the spindle’s microtubules?

A

nondisjunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

XX Genotype =

A

normal female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

XY Genotype =

A

normal male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What gene promotes male development? What chromosome is it on?

A

SRY gene on the Y chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What development does the SRY gene promote?

A

male development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

X_ Genotype =

A

turner syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the genotype of a normal female? (sex chromosomes)

A

XX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the genotype of a normal male? (sex chromosomes)

A

XY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the genotype of turner’s syndrome?

A

X_

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

XXY Genotype =

A

Klinefelter Syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the genotype of Klinefelter Syndrome?

A

XXY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the genotype of metafemales?

A

XXX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

XXX Genotype =

A

metafemale (triple x syndrome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

XYY Genotype =

A

Jacob’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the genotype of Jacob’s syndrome?

A

XYY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the genes located on the sex chromosomes called?

A

Sex-linked genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are sex-linked genes?
genes located on the sex chromosomes
26
What are X-linked recessive disorders?
disorders linked to the X chromosome, males are more likely to be affected due to only have one X chromosome
27
What type of disorder is Color Blindness?
X-linked recessive disorder
28
What type of disorder is Hemophilia?
X-linked recessive disorder
29
What type of disorder is Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy?
X-linked recessive disorder
30
About how many genes do we have?
~50,000 genes
31
About how many of our genes are turned on?
~10%
32
What is the Barr Body?
the unused X chromosome in females
33
What is the unused X chromosome in females called?
the barr body
34
what type of cell escapes mitotic controlling factors? (cancer or normal)
cancer
35
What type of cell divides an unlimited number of time? (cancer or normal)
cancer
36
What type of cell loses contact inhibition? (cancer or normal)
cancer
37
What type of cell releases vascularization factor? (cancer or normal)
cancer
38
What type of cell releases collagenase? (cancer or normal)
cancer
39
What type of cell detaches and spreads? (cancer or normal)
cancer
40
What type of cell exhibit poor cell surface adhesion? (cancer or normal)
cancer
41
What type of cell forms tumors? (cancer or normal)
cancer
42
What type of cell responds to mitotic controlling factors? (cancer or normal)
normal
43
What type of cell divides a maximum of 50 times? (cancer or normal)
normal
44
What type of cell exhibits contact inhibition? (cancer or normal)
normal
45
What type of cell exhibits good cell surface adhesion? (cancer or normal)
normal
46
What type of cell forms tissues? (cancer or normal)
normal
47
What type of tumor has slow-growth? (benign or malignant)
benign
48
What type of tumor has aggressive-growth? (benign or malignant)
malignant
49
What type of tumor is encapsulated? (benign or malignant)
benign
50
What type of tumor demonstrates metastasis? (benign or malignant)
malignant
51
What is metastasis?
the rapid growth, breaking apart, and migration through the body to secondary site
52
What is the rapid growth, breaking apart, and migration through the body to a secondary site called?
metastasis
53
What is contact inhibition?
the cell's ability to stop replicating when there are enough cells nearby
54
What is the name of a cell's ability to stop replication?
contact inhibition
55
The development of cancer requires ___.
several mutations
56
What is an oncogene?
a gene that transforms a normal cell into a cancer cell
57
What is a gene that transforms a normal cell into a cancer cell called?
oncogene
58
What is a proto-oncogene?
a normal gene that has a positive impact on cell division
59
What is a normal gene that has a positive impact on cell division called?
proto-oncogenes
60
What do white blood cells do in terms of cancer?
detect and eliminate cancer cells
61
What type of cell can detect and eliminate cancer cells?
white blood cells
62
What are tumor suppressor genes?
normal genes that has a negative impact on cell division
63
What is a normal gene that has a negative impact on cell division called?
tumor suppressor gene
64
What is a common tumor suppressor gene?
p53
65
What are substances that cause cancer within our environment called?
carcinogens
66
What are carcinogens?
substances that cause cancer found within our environment
67
(T/F) x-rays are carcinogens
true
68
(T/F) viruses are carcinogens
true
69
(T/F) pesticides are carcinogens
true

Bio 100 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions