Chapter 16

Question 1

Deinstitutionalization

Answer 1

Movement of large numbers of psychiatric patients from their care facilities back to regular society

Question 2

Residential treatment centres

Answer 2

Housing facilities in which residents receive psychological therapy and life skill training

Question 3

Community psychology

Answer 3

Focusses on identifying how an individuals mental health is influenced by their community

Question 4

Insight therapies

Answer 4

General term referring to therapy that involves dialogue between patient and therapist for the purposes of gaining awareness and understanding the psychological problems

Question 5

Psychodynamic therapies

Answer 5

Form of insight therapy that emphasizes the need to discover and resolve unconscious conflicts
(Sigmund Freud)

Question 6

Psychoanalysis

Answer 6

Intended to help patients become aware of their unconscious urges

Question 7

Modern psychodynamic therapies

Answer 7

Focus more on the patients conscious experience rather than their unconscious experience

Question 8

Object relations therapy

Answer 8

Variation of psychodynamic therapy that focusses on how early childhood experiences and attachments influence later functioning

Question 9

Phenomenological approach

Answer 9

Addresses the clients feelings and thoughts as they unfold in the present moment, rather than looking for unconscious motives are focussing on past events

Question 10

Client-centred therapy

Answer 10

Focusses on individuals abilities to solve their own problems and reach their full potential with the encouragement of a therapist
(Carl rogers)

Question 11

Behavioural therapies

Answer 11

Attempt to directly address problem behaviours and the environmental factors that trigger them

Question 12

Aversive conditioning

Answer 12

A behavioural technique that involves replacing a positive response to stimulus with a negative response

Question 13

Systematic desensitization

Answer 13

Gradual exposure to a feared stimulus or situation that is paired with relaxation training

Question 14

Anxiety hierarchy

Answer 14

List of fearful stimuli ranging from least fearful to most fearful.

Question 15

Flooding

Answer 15

Exposing the client to the most challenging, anxiety inducing aspect of the behavior/situation.

Question 16

Group Therapy

Answer 16

Grouping people together based on similar issues, individuals benefit from bonding and support provided by other group members.

Ex) AA

Question 17

Family therapy

Answer 17

Helpful when a clients difficulties are reinforced by unhealthy dynamics within the family. May help family deal with specific family members who demonstrate disruptive or dysfunctional behavioural issues

Question 18

Systems approach⁉️

Answer 18

Views an individuals symptoms as being influenced by multiple interacting systems.

Question 19

Biomedical approach

Answer 19

Involves using drugs, surgery, and other medical procedures to alter central nervous system functioning to correct problems thought to be biological nature

Question 20

Psychopharmacotherapy

Answer 20

The use of drugs to manage or reduce symptoms, usually paired with another form of therapy

Question 21

Psychotropic drugs

Answer 21

Medication designed to alter psychological functioning.

A common form of treatment

Question 22

Antidepressants

Answer 22

Medication is designed to reduce symptoms of depression

Question 23

Mood stabilizers

Answer 23

Drugs used to prevent or reduce the severity of mood swings experienced by people with bipolar disorder

Question 24

Antianxiety drugs

Answer 24

Influence the activity of GABA (Inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neural activity)

Question 25

Antipsychotic drugs

Answer 25

Used to treat symptoms of psychosis, including delusions, hallucinations and disturbed/disorganized thoughts

Question 26

Modern focal lesioning surgery

Answer 26

Small areas of the brain tissue that are surgically destroyed
(Only performed in extreme cases)

Question 27

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer 27

Passing an electrical current through the brain in order to induce a temporary seizure.
May alter the activity of certain networks in the brain.

Question 28

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer 28

Exposes a particular area of the brain to a powerful magnetic field to either stimulate or inhibit brain activity in that region

Question 29

Deep brain stimulation

Answer 29

Involves electrical stimulation of a specific brain region using thin electrodes that are carefully inserted into the brain.

Question 30

Humanistic existential psychotherapy

Answer 30

Allows clients to discover their uniqueness by learning about themselves in the context of the world around them