Chapter 15 Section 5 - Sheet1 Flashcards
How did Lincoln and his generals turn the tide of the war?
The Union gained the upper hand with victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg. Lincoln appointed Grant commander of the Union Froces, which also helped.
encounter
to meet in an unexpected way; to experience
exceed
to go beyond what is expected; to be greater than what was planned
siege
an attempt to capture a place by surrounding it with military forces and cutting it off until the people surrender
William Tecumseh Sherman
Tough union general who advanced to Atlanta. He said because he believed in total war, “We are not only fighting hostile armies, but a hostile people, and must make young and old, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war.”
total war
all out attacks aimed at destroying an enemy’s army, its resources, and its people’s will to fight
How did confederate victories lead Lee to initiate an attack on Union soil?
The Union army suffered badly at several battles under different generals, giving Lee confidence that he could win a major victory on Union soil.
How did Grant overcome Vicksburg?
He led a siege until the confederates gave up.
How did Lincoln take advantage of the Getty’sburg Victory?
He gave a speech there to honor soldiers and to suggest the healing that should follow when the war ended.
Which battles were fought on confederate soil? (8)
Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg, Appomattox Court House, Atlanta, Chatanooga, Corinth, Jackson, and Vicksburg
Which battle was fought on Union territory?
Gettysburg
Which side suffered more damage between 1863-1865 and why?
The South suffered more damage than the North because most of the battles took place in the South.
What advantage did Grant have over Lee?
He had a steady stream of men an supplies while Lee was running out of both.
Why was Sherman’s capture of Atlanta a boost for Lincoln?
Northerners had grown tired of the war and the victory gave them hope.
What two events marked turning points in the Civil War?
the Union’s victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg
At Appomatox, how can you tell Lee was aware of the toll of the war?
He surrendered rather than subject his remaining troops to another defeat.
At Appomatox, how can you tell Grant was aware of the toll of the war?
He offered generous terms and reminded his men that the rebels were once again fellow countrymen.
Why did the North fear the extension of slavery to the West?
because it would disrupt the balance of political power
Which effects of the Civil War were felt mainly in the South?
Total war destroyed the South’s economy and left hundreds of thousands of southerners killed;
What effect of the Civil War was felt mainly in the North?
hundreds of thousands of northerners killed
How did Sherman show “the hard hand of war”?
He burned Atlanta and left a path of destruction 60 miles wide from Atlanta to the Atlantic Ocean.
What happened first, the Union’s victory in Atlanta or President Lincoln’s reelection?
victory in Atlanta -which helped Lincoln get reelected
Why did Lee finally decide to surrender?
He was surrounded with no escape; he had lost too many men in a long bloody conflict and had little hope of reinforcements.
Why are the battles at Gettysburgh and Vicksburg considered a turning point?
The victories gave the Union the upper hand.
How did the advantages of the North at the start of the war continue to be advantages?
The Union was able to replenish troops and supplies because of its larger population and industries.
Classify Union or Confederate: Ambrose Burnside
Union
Classify Union or Confederate: Robert E. Lee
Confederate
Classify Union or Confederate: Ulysses S. Grant
Union
Classify Union or Confederate: William Tecumseh Sherman
Union
What events happened prior to July 1863 which led to the turning point of the war?
The Union won the battle of Antietam, but was defeated at a number of battles afterward.
List two important leadership qualities of General Grant:
He did not retreat when challenged, and believed in the importance of unity after the war.
