Chapter 15 Section 2 - Sheet1 Flashcards
How did each side in the war try to gain an advantage over the other?
McClellan tried to make his army bigger and stronger; Lee tried to invade the North to win support abroad and change northerners’ public opinion about the war; Grant pushed to gain control over Confederate territory.
ironclad
warship covered with protective iron plates
casualty
military term for persons killed, wounded or missing in action
George McClellan
Cautious general that took over Union Army from McDowell
Ulysses S Grant
Most successful Union General in the West
What new technologies were used in the Civil War?
new rifles and cannons that were more accurate and had greater range than earlier ones; ironclad ships
superior
of greater importance, value; above average
reinforce
to make stronger; to make more effective
How did the new rifles and cannons force military leaders to change their tactics?
They could no longer order soldiers to charge against these weapons because the results were deadly.
Why did Lee want to invade the North?
Afer McClellan failed to take Richmond, Lee thought a victory on Union soil would gain European support for the South and turn northern public opinion against the war.
How would an ironclad ship do in a battle against an older warship that lacked armor?
It would be able to do a lot o damage to the older ship without being badly damaged itself.
How did Grant change the direction of the Union Army?
His military campaigns in the West were successful and enabled the North to gain important advantages.
Why was Grant more effective than McClellan?
He was willing to take chances.
Why was control of the railroad junction at Corinth and the eventual control of the Mississippi River important to the Union army?
These were major transportation routes for moving troops and supplies.
How did McClellan’s caution hurt the Union?
It gave the Confederates time to reinforce their troops at Richmond and force the Union army to retreat. It prevented the Union army from further hurting Lee’s troops at Sharpsburg.
What was the result of the Battle of Shiloh?
The South lost control of western Tennessee, a railroad junction, and part of the Mississippi River.
What (and when) was the sequence of battles in the West?
In Feb. 1862, Grant captured Ft. Henry and then Ft. Donelson. In April 1862, troops met at the Battle of Shiloh. Late in April, Union forces captured New Orleans.
How did harsh conditions and new technologies result in a high number of casualties?
New guns killed more soldiers, and malnutrition and exposure killed many prisoners.
Why was General McClellan considered to be an ineffective leader?
He was overly cautious and failed to take advantage of opportunities.
Battle of Shiloh Statistics
-11,000 Confederates killed - 13,000 Union Soldiers killed; Grant led Union, Johnston led Confederates; Confederates withdrew, Union gained control of western TN, a railroad junction, and part of Mississippi River
Battle at Antietam Creek Statistics
-14,000 Confederates killed, -12,000 Union Soldiers Killed; McClellan led Union troops, Lee led Confederates; Lee was forced to retreat but McClellan did not pursue the Confederates, squandering an opportunity for a more decisive Union victory.
Did the Union and Confederacy suffer many casualties?
Yes!
Were Ironclads of little importance in the war at sea?
No, they were important to the North to control the Mississippi River.
