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AP Psychology > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

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0
Q

The part of the mind that contains material of which we are unaware but that strongly influences our behavior.

A

Unconscious

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1
Q

Focused on unconscious and childhood experiences in determining our personality

A

Freud

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2
Q

I’ve unconscious system of personality with basic sexual and aggressive drives, that supplies psychic energy to personality (Devil)

A

Id

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3
Q

The conscious division of personality that attempts to mediate between the demands of the ID, super ego and reality (umpire)

A

Ego

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4
Q

The division of personality that contains the conscience and develops by incorporating the perceived moral standards of society. (Angel)

A

Superego

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5
Q

Certain specific means by which the ego unconsciously protects itself against unpleasant impulses or circumstances.

A

Defense Mechanisms

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6
Q

Offers self justifying explanations in the place of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for ones actions

A

Rationalization

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7
Q

Is an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

A

Personality

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8
Q

This is the Freudian technique in which the person is encouraged to say whatever comes to mind as a means of exploring he unconscious

A

Free association

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9
Q

Banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness

A

Repression

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10
Q

Refers to the treatment of psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret the tensions within a patients unconscious, using methods like free association

A

Psychoanalysis

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11
Q

Developmental periods children pass through during which the ids pleasure seeking energies are focused on different erogenous zones

A

Psychosexual stages

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12
Q

Boys in the phallic stage develop a collection of feelings - center sexual attraction to the mother and resentment of father

A

Oedipus Complex

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13
Q

The refusal to accept the reality of something that makes you anxious

A

Denial

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14
Q

Child’s superego develops and incorporates the parents values. Freud saw identification as crucial, not only resolution of Oedipus complex, but also to the development of gender identity

A

Indentification

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15
Q

When development becomes arrested, due to unresolved conflicts, in an immature psychosexual stage

A

Fixation

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16
Q

When people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others (hypocrite)

A

Projection

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17
Q

Where a person faced with anxiety reverts to a less mature pattern of behavior

A

Regression

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18
Q

In which a sexual or aggressive impulse is shifted to a more acceptable object other than one that originally aroused the impulse

A

Displacement

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19
Q

The ego converts unacceptable impulses into their opposites

A

Reaction formation

20
Q

Jung’s concept of an inherited unconscious shared by all people and deriving from our species history

A

Collective unconscious

21
Q

Such as the TAT and Rorschach present ambiguous stimuli onto which people supposedly project their own in era feelings.

A

Projective tests

22
Q

A projective test that consists of ambiguous pictures about which people are asked to make up stories

A

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

23
Q

The most widely used projective test, consists of 10 inkblots that people are asked to interpret

A

Rorschach inkblots test

24
Q

Our deeply rooted fear of death causes us to act in ways that enhance our self esteem and to adhere more strongly to world views that provide answers to questions about about the meaning of life

A

Terror management theory

25
Q

The process of fulfilling ones potential and becoming spontaneous, loving, creative, and self accepting. Top of hierarchy

A

Self actualization

26
Q

According to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance towards a person

A

Unconditional Positive Regard

27
Q

Ones personal awareness of “who I am”

A

Self concept

28
Q

Are people’s characteristic patterns of behavior

A

Traits

29
Q

Associated with the trait perspective, are questionnaires used to assess personality traits

A

Personality inventories

30
Q

With 10 clinical scales - the most widely used personality inventory

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

31
Q

One developed by testing many items to see which best distinguished between groups of interest

A

Empirically Derived Test

32
Q

Behavior is the result of interactions between people and their social context - Albert Bandura

A

Social cognitive perspective

33
Q

The interaction between personality and environmental factors - 3 different things exchange

A

Reciprocal Determinism

34
Q

Refers to a persons sense of controlling the environment

A

Personal control

35
Q

Is the perception that ones fate is determined by forces not under personal control

A

External Locus of Control

36
Q

Is the perception that to a great extent, one controls ones own destiny

A

Internal Locus of Control

37
Q

The passive resignation and perceived lack of control that a person or animal develops from repeated exposure to inescapable aversive events

A

Learned Helplessness

38
Q

Focusing on positive emotions, character virtues such as creativity and compassion, and healthy families and neighborhoods - optimal human functioning - Martin Seligman

A

Positive Psychology

39
Q

The tendency of people to overestimate the extent to which other people are noticing and evaluating them

A

Spotlight effect

40
Q

Refers to an individual’s sense of self worth

A

Self esteem

41
Q

Is the tendency to perceive oneself favorably

A

Self serving bias

42
Q

Forced choice test (example: MMPI)

A

Objective personality test

43
Q

Hierarchy of needs

A

Maslow

44
Q

He believed that in order for self actualization to occur, three conditions were required.
Genuineness, acceptance, empathy

A

Rogers

45
Q

He Defined personality in terms of identifiable behavior patterns- he only wanted to identify… Not explain

A

Allport

46
Q

The statistical procedure used to identify clusters of traits that go together

A

Factor analysis

47
Q

CANOE- conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, extraversion

A

The Big Five

AP Psychology (18 decks)

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