Chapter 14.1

Question 1

What is a karyotype?

Answer 1

shows the complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size

Question 2

What patterns of inheritance do human traits follow?

Answer 2

Human traits can follow:

1) complete dominance (dominant phenotype expressed)
2) incomplete dominance (blending of dominant and recessive phenotypes)
3) codominance (both dominant phenotypes expressed)
4) sex-linkage (gene located on 23rd pair of sex chromomes: X or Y)

Question 3

How can pedigrees be used to analyze human inheritance?

Answer 3

makes it possible to determine the nature of genes and alleles associated with inherited human traits

Question 4

Genome

Answer 4

a full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA

Question 5

Karyotype

Answer 5

a picture depicting all 46 chromosomes grouped with their pairs arranged in order of decreasing size

Question 6

Sex Chromosomes

Answer 6

the 23rd pair of chromosomes that determine an organisms gender. Females (XX) Males (XY)

Question 7

Autosomes

Answer 7

the 44 chromomes (all except for sex chromsomes).

Question 8

Sex-linked Gene

Answer 8

A gene found on one of the sex chromosomes

Question 9

Pedigree

Answer 9

shows the presence or absence of a trait (phenotype) according to the relationships between parents, siblings, and offspring (family)