Chapter 13.1

Question 1

How does RNA differ from DNA?

Answer 1

3 differences: 1) the sugar in RNA is ribose, the sugar in DNA is deoxyribose 2) RNA is generally single-stranded, DNA is double-stranded 3) RNA contains uracil (U) as a nucleotide, DNA instead has thymine (T) as a nucleotide

Question 2

How does the cell make RNA?

Answer 2

In transcription, segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules

Question 3

RNA

Answer 3

Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) is a long chain of nucleotides that are single stranded that are copies of DNA segments

Question 4

Messenger RNA

Answer 4

mRNA carries information from DNA to other parts of the cell

Question 5

Ribosomal RNA

Answer 5

rRNA forms an important part of both subunits of the ribosome

Question 6

Transfer RNA

Answer 6

tRNA carries amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message

Question 7

Transcription

Answer 7

Process of making RNA copies of DNA

Question 8

RNA Polymerase

Answer 8

Enzyme required in Transcription that binds to DNA to separate out the DNA strands so that RNA can pair with the DNA in a complimentary fashion (makes exact copy of DNA)

Question 9

Promoters

Answer 9

Regions of DNA that have specific base sequences where RNA polymerase will bind to begin the process of transciption

Question 10

Introns

Answer 10

portions of RNA that is cut out and discarded (they go “in” the trash)

Question 11

Exons

Answer 11

The important parts of RNA that is put back together to form the final strand of mRNA. (the parts that get “ex”pressed)