Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

medical terminology > Chapter 14: The Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 14: The Reproductive System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cervic/o

A

cervix (neck of uterus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

mast/o

A

breast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

men/o

A

menstruation, menses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

orchid/o

A

testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ov/o

A

egg, ovum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

-para

A

to give birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

-pexy

A

surgical fixation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

test/i

A

testicle, testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

genitalia

A

are the organs of reproduction and their associated structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

perineum

A

is the external surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

male perineum

A

tissue, that extends from the scrotum to the area around the anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

female perineum

A

tissue, that extends from the pubic symphysis to the area around the anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

external male genitalia

A

are the penis and the scrotum, which contains two testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

internal male genitalia

A

include the remaining structures of the male reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

scrotum

A

the sac-like structure that surrounds, protects, and supports the testicles; is suspended from the pubic arch behind the penis and lies between the thighs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

testicles

A

known as testes, are the two small, egg-shaped glands that produce the sperm; develops within the abdomen of the male fetus and normally descend into the scrotum before or soon after birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

sperm are formed within, of each testicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

epididymis

A

a coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle; runs down the length of the testicle , then turns upward toward the body, HERE. its narrows to form the tube known as vas deferens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

spermatic cord

A

extends upward from the epididymis and is attached to each testicle,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

sperm

A

known as spermatozoa, are the male gametes (reproductive cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

semen

A

the whitish fluid containing sperm that is ejaculated through the urethra at the peak of male sexual excitement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

spermatogenesis

A

the process of sperm formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

penis

A

the male sex organ that transports the sperm into the female vagina; penis is imposed of 3 columns of erectile tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

glans penis

A

known as the head of the penis, it the sensitive region located at the tip of the penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

foreskin

A

known as the prepuce, a retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers and protects the glans penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

vas deferens

A

known as the ductus deferens, are the long, narrow continuations of each epididymis, these structures lead upward and eventually join the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

seminal vesicles

A

are glands that secrete a thick, yellow substance to nourish the sperm cells; located at the base of the urinary bladder and open into the vas deferens as it joins the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

which begins at the vas deferens, passes through the prostate gland and empties into the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

prostate gland

A

lies under the bladder and surrounds the end of the urethra in the region where the vas deferens enters the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

known as Cowper’s glands, are located just below the prostate gland, one of these glands is located on either side of the urethra, and open int the urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

urethra

A

passes through the penis to the outside of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

urologist

A

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the genitourinary system of males and the urinary system of females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

balanitis

A

an inflammation of the glans penis that is usually caused by poor hygiene in men who have not had the foreskin removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

phimosis

A

a narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so it cannot by retracted (pulled back) to expose the glans penis; can be present at birth or become apparent during childhood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

erectile dysfunction (ED)

A

known as impotence, the inability of the male to achieve or maintain a penile erection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Peyronie’s disease

A

known as penile curvature, a form of sexual dysfunction in which the penis is bent or curved during erection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

priapism

A

a painful erection that lasts 4 hours or more but is either not accompanied by sexual excitement or does not go away after sexual stimulation has ended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

premature ejaculation

A

a condition in which the male reaches climax too soon, usually before or shortly after penetration of the female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

andropause

A

referred to as ADAM is marked by the decrease of the male hormone testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

cryptorchidism

A

known as an undescended testicle, a developmental defect in which one or both of the testicles fail to descend into their normal position in the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

anorchism

A

the congenital absence of one or both testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

epididymitis

A

is inflammation of the epididymis that is frequently caused by the spread of infection from the urethra or the bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

hydrocele

A

a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from he testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

spermatocele

A

is a cyst that develops in the epididymis and is filled with a milky fluid containing sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

testicular torsion

A

a sharp pain in the scrotum caused by twisting of the vas deferens and blood vessels leading into the testicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

testitis

A

known as orchitis, is inflammation of one or both testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

varicocele

A

a knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

azoospermia

A

is the absence of sperm in the semen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

oligospermia

A

known as low sperm count, is a sperm count of below 20 million/mL; common cause of male infertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

hematospermia

A

is the presence of blood in the seminal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

sperm count

A

known as a sperm analysis, the testing of freshly ejaculated semen to determine the volume plus the number, shape, size, and motility of the sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

testicular self-examination

A

a self-help step in early detection of testicular cancer by detecting lumps, swelling, or changes in the skin of the scrotum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

orchidectomy

A

surgical removal of one or both testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

orchiopexy

A

the repair of an undescended testicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

varicocelectomy

A

the removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to relieve a varicocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

sterilization

A

any procedure rendering an individual (male or female) incapable of reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

castration

A

known as bilateral orchidectomy, the surgical removal or destruction of bath testicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

vasectomy

A

the male sterilization procedure in which a small portion of the vas deferens is surgically removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

vasovasostomy

A

known as a vasectomy reversal, a procedure performed as an attempt to restore fertility to a vasectomized male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

A

known as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections caused by either bacteria or a virus that affects both males and females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

ophthalmia neoinatorum

A

condition is a form of conjunctivitis that is caused by the bacteria responsible for chlamydia or gonorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

chlamydia

A

caused by bacterium chlamydia trachomatis, the most commonly reported STD in US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

bacterial vaginosis (BV)

A

a condition in women in which there is an abnormal overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

genital herpes

A

caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2; symptoms include itching or burning before the appearance of lesions (sores) on the genitals or rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

genital warts…caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV)

A

highly contagious. in male, the virus infects the urethra; in the female, it infects the external genitalia, cervix, and vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

gonorrhea

A

a highly contagious condition caused by the bacterium neisseria gonorrhoeae. WOMEN..affects the cervix, uterus, and Fallopian tubes. MEN…affects the urethra by causing painful urination and an abnormal discharge ..also can affect mouth, throat, and anus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A

transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids, particularly through sexual intercourse with an infected partner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

syphilis

A

caused by bacterium treponema palladium, has many symptoms that are difficult to distinguish from other STDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

trichomoniasis

A

known as trich, is an infection caused by the parasite trichomonas vaginalis; most common symptoms in infected women is a thin, frothy, yellow-green, foul-smelling vaginal discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

external female genitalia

A

located posterior to the mons pubis, which is a rounded, fleshly prominence located over the pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

vulva

A

structures are known collectively as the vulva or the pudendum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

labia majora and labia minora

A

are the vaginal lips that protect the other external genitalia and the urethral meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

clitoris

A

an organ of sensitive, erectile tissue located anterior to the urethral meatus and the vaginal orifice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

bartholin’s glands

A

produce a mucus secretion to lubricate the vagina; these two small, round glands are located on either side of the vaginal orifice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

vaginal orifice

A

the exterior opening of the vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

hymen

A

a thin mucous membrane that partially covers this opening and can be torn either during the first instance of intercourse or other activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

breasts

A

made up of fat, connective tissue, and the mammary glands; each breast is fixed to the overlying skin and the underlying pectoral muscles by suspensory ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

mammary glands

A

known as the lactiferous glands, are the milk-producing glands that develop during puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

lactiferous ducts

A

known as milk ducts, carry milk from the mammary glands to the nipple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

areola

A

nipple is surrounded by the dark-pigmented area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

ovaries

A

are a pair of small, almond-shaped organs located in the lower abdomen, one on either side of the uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

follicle

A

a fluid-filled sac containing a single ovum (egg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

ova

A

known as eggs, are the female gametes; immature ova are present at birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

known as uterine tubes, tubes extend from the upper end of the uterus to a point near but not attached to an ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

infundibulum

A

the funnel-shaped opening into the Fallopian tube near the ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

fimbriae

A

the fringed, finger-like extensions of this opening; role is to catch the mature ovum when it leaves the ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

uterus

A

known as the womb, a pear-shaped organ with muscular walls and a mucous membrane lining filled with a rich supply of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

anteflexion

A

normal position, the body of the uterus is bent forward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

fundus

A

the bulging, rounded part above the entrance of the fallopian tubes; because the fundus rises during pregnancy, in relation to the pubic bone helps determine the baby’s growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

corpus

A

known as the body of the uterus, the middle portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

cervix

A

known as the cervix uteri, the lower, narrow portion that extends into the vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

perimetrium

A

known as the uterine serosa, the tough, membranous outer layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

myometrium

A

the muscular middle layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

endometrium

A

inner layer, consists of specialized epithelial mucosa that is rich in blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

vagina

A

muscular tube lined with mucosa that extends from the cervix to the outside of the body

104
Q

menstruation

A

known as menses, normal discharge of the endometrial lining and unfertilized egg from uterus

105
Q

menarche

A

the beginning of menstruation, this begins after the maturation that occurs during puberty

106
Q

menopause

A

the normal termination of menstruation in a woman during middle age

107
Q

perimenopause

A

the term used to designate the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all

108
Q

ovulation

A

the release of a mature egg from a follicle on the surface of one of the ovaries that happens on approximately the 13th or 14th of a woman’s menstrual cycle

109
Q

corpus lutem

A

secretes the hormone progesterone during the second half on the menstrual cycle; this maintains the growth of the uterine lining in preparation for the fertilized egg

110
Q

coitus

A

known as sexual intercourse or copulation, the male ejaculates 100 million sperm in vagina, it travels upward through the vagina, into the uterus, and into fallopian tubes

111
Q

conception

A

occurs when a sperm penetrates and fertilizes the descending ovum

112
Q

zygote

A

union, which is beginning of a new life, forms a single cell

113
Q

implantation

A

the embedding of the zygote into the lining of the uterus

114
Q

embryo

A

from implantation through the 8th week of pregnancy, the developing baby

115
Q

fetus

A

from the 9th week of pregnancy tot he time of birth, the baby is in utero

116
Q

fraternal twins

A

result from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells, these develop into two separate embryos

117
Q

identical twins

A

are formed by the fertilization of a single egg cell by a single sperm that divides to form two embryos

118
Q

multiples

A

used to describe a birth involving more than two infants

119
Q

chorion

A

the thin outer membrane that encloses the embryo, it contributes to the formation of the placenta

120
Q

placenta

A

a temporary organ that forms within the uterus to allow the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between the mother and fetus without allowing maternal blood and fetal blood to mix

121
Q

afterbirth

A

the placenta and fetal membranes are expelled

122
Q

amniotic sac (bag of waters)

A

known as the amnion, the innermost membrane that surrounds the embryo in the uterus

123
Q

amniotic cavity

A

surrounds developing embryo, the fluid-filled space between the embryo and the amniotic sac

124
Q

umbilical cord

A

the tube that carries blood, oxygen, and nutrients from the placenta tot the developing baby

125
Q

navel

A

known as the belly button, is formed where the umbilical cord was attached to the fetus

126
Q

gestation

A

lasts approximately 280 days (40 weeks), the period of development of the baby in the mother’s uterus…being AT TERM

127
Q

pregnancy

A

used interchangeably with gestation, means the condition of having a developing baby in the uterus

128
Q

trimesters

A

each one consists of 13 weeks, total of three trimesters

129
Q

due date

A

estimated date of confinement (EDC), is calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP)

130
Q

confinement

A

an old-fashioned term describing the time when a period of rest for the mother followed childbirth

131
Q

quickening

A

the first movements of the fetus in the uterus that can be felt by the mother, occurs during the 16th to 20th week of pregnancy

132
Q

Braxton hicks contractions

A

are intermittent painless uterine contractions that occur with increasing frequency as the pregnancy progresses

133
Q

viable

A

fetus, when it is capable of living outside the uterus, depending on development age, birth weight, and stage of lungs of the fetus

134
Q

antepartum

A

refers to the final stage of pregnancy just before the onset of labor

135
Q

nulligravida

A

a woman who has never been pregnant

136
Q

nullipara

A

a woman who has never borne a viable child

137
Q

primigravida

A

a woman during her first pregnancy

138
Q

primipara

A

a woman who has borne one viable child

139
Q

multiparous

A

means a woman who has given birth two or more times

140
Q

labor and delivery

A

known as childbirth or parturition, occurs in three stages Dilation, Delivery of the baby, Expulsion of the afterbirth

141
Q

dilation

A

first and longest stage of labor, and effacement of the cervix and the rupture of the amniotic sac

142
Q

effacement

A

is the process by which the cervix prepares for delivery as it gradually softens, shortens, and becomes thinner

143
Q

fetal monitoring

A

the use of an electronic device to record the fetal heart rate and the maternal uterine contractions during labor

144
Q

cephalic presentation

A

or crowning describes when the baby is coming head first

145
Q

postpartum

A

after childbirth

146
Q

puerperium

A

the time from the delivery of the placenta through approximately the first 6 weeks after the delivery

147
Q

lochia

A

the postpartum vaginal discharge that typically continues for 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth; consists primarily of blood and mucus

148
Q

uterine involution

A

the return of the uterus to its normal size and former condition after delivery

149
Q

involution

A

the return of an enlarged organ to its normal size

150
Q

colostrum

A

a specialized form of breast milk that delivers essential nutrients and antibodies in a form that the newborn can digest

151
Q

lactation

A

process of forming and secreting milk from the breasts as nourishment for the infants, develops a few days after giving birth to replace the colostrum

152
Q

neonate

A

known as newborn infant, during the first 4 weeks after birth

153
Q

vernix

A

a greasy substance that protects the fetus in utero and can still be present at birth

154
Q

meconium

A

is the greenish material that collects in the intestine of a fetus and forms the first stools of a newborn

155
Q

Apgar score

A

is a scale of 1 to 10 to evaluate a newborn infant’s physical status a 1 and 5 minutes after birth

156
Q

gynecologist (GYN)

A

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system

157
Q

obstetrician (OB)

A

a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy, childbirth, and immediately thereafter

158
Q

midwife

A

assists in labor and delivery, a certified nurse midwife (CNM) is an RN with specialized training in obstetrics and gynecology who provides primary care in normal pregnancies and deliveries

159
Q

neonatologist

A

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the newborn

160
Q

infertility specialist

A

known as fertility specialist, helps infertile couples by diagnosing and treating problems associated with conception and maintaining pregnancy

161
Q

anovulation

A

the absence of ovulation when it would be normally expected

162
Q

oophoritis

A

inflammation of an ovary

163
Q

ovarian cancer

A

originates within cells of the ovaries, can break away from the ovary and spread (metastasize) to other tissues and organs within the abdomen or travel through bloodstream

164
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

any inflammation of the female reproductive organs that is not associated with surgery or pregnancy

165
Q

polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

A

a condition caused by a hormonal imbalance in which the ovaries are enlarged by the presence of many cysts formed by incompletely developed follicles

166
Q

pyosalpinx

A

an accumulation of pus in a Fallopian tube

167
Q

salpingitis

A

an inflammation of a Fallopian tube

168
Q

endometriosis

A

a condition in which patches of endometrial tissue escape the uterus and become attached to other structures in the pelvic cavity

169
Q

endometrial cancer

A

involves a cancerous growth that begins in the lining of the uterus

170
Q

uterine fibroid

A

known as a myoma, a benign composed of muscle and fibrous tissue that occurs in the wall of the uterus

171
Q

uterine prolapse

A

known as pelvic floor hernia, a condition in which the uterus slides from its normal position in the pelvic cavity and sags into the vagina

172
Q

cervical cancer

A

slow-growing squamous cell cancer, caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV), which can now usually be prevented through vaccination

173
Q

cervical dysplasia

A

th presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix

174
Q

cervicitis

A

an inflammation of the cervix that is usually caused by an infection

175
Q

endocervicitis

A

an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the cervix

176
Q

colporrhexis

A

means tearing or laceration of the vaginal wall

177
Q

dyspareunia

A

is pain during sexual intercourse

178
Q

leukorrhea

A

a profuse, whitish mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina

179
Q

vaginal atrophy

A

a decrease in elasticity and lubrication caused by hormonal changes,

180
Q

vaginal candidiasis

A

known as a yeast infection, a vaginal infection caused by the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans

181
Q

vaginismus

A

an involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles, which close off the vagina

182
Q

vaginitis

A

an inflammation of the lining of the vagina

183
Q

pruritus vulvae

A

a condition of severe itching of the external female genitalia

184
Q

vulvodynia

A

a painful syndrome of unknown cause

185
Q

vulvitis

A

an inflammation of the vulva

186
Q

breast cancer

A

along with its diagnosis and treatment

187
Q

fibroadenoma

A

is a round, firm, rubbery mass that arises from excess growth of glandular and connective tissue in the breast

188
Q

fibrocystic breast disease

A

is the presence of single or multiple benign cysts in the breasts

189
Q

galactorrhea

A

the production of beast milk in a woman who is not breastfeeding

190
Q

mastalgia

A

known as mastodynia, is pain in the breast

191
Q

mastitis

A

breast infection that is caused by bacteria that enter the breast tissue, most frequently during breastfeeding

192
Q

amenorrhea

A

an abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more

193
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period

194
Q

dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

A

a condition characterized by abnormal bleeding, often due to an imbalance in hormone level changes

195
Q

hypermenorrhea

A

known as menorrhagia, an excessive amount of menstrual flow over a period of more than 7 days

196
Q

hypomenorrhea

A

an unusually small amount of menstrual flow during a shortened regular menstrual period

197
Q

menometrorrhagia

A

known as intermenstrual bleeding; excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals

198
Q

metrorrhagia

A

uterine bleeding between menstrual periods, often referred to as spotting

199
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

term used to describe infrequent or very light menstruation in a woman with previously normal periods

200
Q

polymenorrhea

A

the occurrence of menstrual cycles more frequently than is normal

201
Q

premature menopause

A

a condition in which the ovaries cease functioning before age 40 years due to disease, hormonal disorder, or surgical removal

202
Q

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A

a group of symptoms experienced by some women within the 2 week period before menstruation

203
Q

premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

A

a condition associated with severe emotional and physical problems that are closely linked to the menstrual cycle

204
Q

abortion

A

the interruption or termination of pregnancy before the fetus is viable

205
Q

induced abortion

A

caused by human intervention, is achieved through the use of drugs or suctioning

206
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

known as extrauterine pregnancy, a potentially dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus

207
Q

gestational diabetes mellitus

A

form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy

208
Q

infertility

A

the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of regular, unprotected intercourse, or the inability of a woman to carry a pregnancy to a live birth

209
Q

preeclampsia

A

known as pregnancy-induced hypertension, is a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension (high blood pressure), edema, and protein

210
Q

eclampsia

A

which is a more serious form of preeclampsia, is characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma

211
Q

HELLP syndrome

A

a life-threatening pregnancy complication characterized by hemolysis elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count

212
Q

Rh factor

A

defines the presence or absence of the Rh antigen on red blood cells

213
Q

abrupto placenta

A

or placental abruption, a disorder in which the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus

214
Q

breech presentation

A

occurs when the buttocks feet of the fetus are positioned to enter the birth canal first instead of the head

215
Q

placenta previa

A

abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus

216
Q

premature infant

A

known as preemie, a fetus born before the 37th week of gestation

217
Q

stillbirth

A

the birth of a fetus that died before or during delivery

218
Q

postpartum depression

A

a mood disorder characterized by feelings of sadness and the loss of pleasure in normal activity that can occur shortly after giving birth

219
Q

colposcopy

A

the direct visual examination of the tissues ofmthe cervix and vagina

220
Q

endometrial biopsy

A

small amount of the tissue from the lining of the uterus is removed for microscopic examination; determine abnormal bleeding

221
Q

endovaginal ultrasound

A

performed to determine the cause of abnormal vaginal bleeding; performed by placing an ultrasound transducer in the vagina so that sound waves can create images of the uterus and ovaries

222
Q

hysterosalpingography (HSG)

A

a radiographic examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes

223
Q

pap smear

A

an exfoliative tipsy of the cervix; performed to detect conditions that can be early indicators of cervical cancer

224
Q

pregnancy test

A

is performed to detect an unusually high level of the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) hormone in either a blood or urine specimen,

225
Q

first trimester screening

A

known as combined screening, performed between 11 and 13 weeks of pregnancy and involves an ultrasound and a finger-stick blood test

226
Q

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

A

the examination of cells retrieved from the chorionic villi, which are minute, vascular projections on the chorion…between the 8th and 10th week of pregnancy

227
Q

amniocentesis

A

surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid

228
Q

pelvimetry

A

a radiographic study to measure the dimensions of the pelvis to evaluate its capacity to allow passage fo the fetus through the birth canal

229
Q

contraceptive

A

a measure taken to lessen the likelihood of pregnancy

230
Q

diaphragm

A

a barrier contraceptive that prevents the sperm from reaching and fertilizing the egg

231
Q

intrauterine device (IUD)

A

a molded plastic contraceptive inserted through the cervix into the uterus to prevent pregnancy

232
Q

condom

A

will also prevent pregnancy when used correctly, will also prevent the transmission of STDs

233
Q

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

A

the use oof the female hormones estrogen and progesterone to replace those the body no longer produces during and after perimenopause

234
Q

oophorectomy

A

known as ovariectomy, the surgical removal of one of both ovaries

235
Q

salpingectomy

A

surgical removal of one or both Fallopian tubes

236
Q

salpingo-oophorectomy (SO)

A

surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary

237
Q

tubal ligation

A

surgical sterilization procedure in which the Fallopian tubes are sealed or cut to prevent sperm from reaching a mature ovum

238
Q

colpopexy

A

known as vaginofixation, surgical fixation of a prolapsed vagina to a surrounding structure such as the abdominal wall

239
Q

conization

A

known as a cone biopsy, surgical removal of a cone-shaped specimen of tissue form the cervix; to remove tissue

240
Q

colporrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina

241
Q

dilation and curettage

A

known as a D & C, surgical procedure in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrium of the uterus is scraped away

242
Q

myomectomy

A

surgical removal of uterine fibroids

243
Q

hysterectomy

A

surgical removal of the uterus

244
Q

total hysterectomy

A

known as a complete hysterectomy, the uterus and cervix are removed; performed through the vagina or laparoscopically through the abdomen

245
Q

radical hysterectomy

A

known as a bilateral hysteroslpingo-oophorectomy, most commonly performed to treat uterine cancer

246
Q

mammoplasty

A

a general term for a cosmetic operation on the breasts

247
Q

breast augmentation

A

is mammoplasty performed to increase breast size often for cosmetic reasons

248
Q

breast reduction

A

is mammoplasty performed to decrease and reshape excessively large, heavy breasts

249
Q

mastopexy

A

called a breast lift, a mammoplasty to affix sagging breast in a more elevated position

250
Q

cesaren section

A

known as a C-section, the delivery of the child through an incision in the maternal abdominal and uterine walls

251
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of the tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal

252
Q

episiorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing to repair an episiotomy

253
Q

incubator

A

an apparatus for maintaining an environment of controlled temperature humidity, and oxygen concentration for a premature or ill newborn

254
Q

assisted reproductive technology (ART)

A

describes techniques used to aid an infertile couple in achieving a viable pregnancy

255
Q

artificial insemination

A

also called intrauterine insemination (IUI), a technique in which sperm from a woman’s partner or from a donor are introduced into the vagina or uterus during ovulatory phase or menstrual cycle

256
Q

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

A

procedure in which mature ova are removed from the mother to be fertilized

medical terminology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions