Chapter 14: Social Psychology - Module 45: Social Influence and Groups

Question 1

What is social influence?

Answer 1

Pressure from others will affect the behaviour of another. (p. 524)

Question 2

What does the distinction between three types of social pressure -conformity, compliance, and obedience- depend on?

Answer 2

The nature and strength of the social pressure. (box on p. 524)

Question 3

What is “a change in behaviour or attitudes brought about by a desire to follow the beleifs or standards of other people”?

Answer 3

Conformity. (p. 524)

Question 4

Did Solomon Asch’s test with the three lines seek to assess conformity, compliance, or obedience?

Answer 4

Conformity. (p. 524)

Question 5

T/F: the more attractive a group appears, the greater its ability to produce conformity.

Answer 5

True. (p. 525)

Question 6

T/F: Conformity is higher when people must respond publicly than privately.

Answer 6

True (p. 525)

Question 7

Under unanimity of the group, what is the ally of someone with dissenting views called? And what does this do?

Answer 7

Social supporter. Even just one dramatically reduces conformity pressures. (p. 525)

Question 8

What is “groupthink”?

Answer 8

A type of thinking in which group members share such strong motivation to achieve consensus that they lose their ability to critically evaluate alternative points of view. ( (p. 526)

Question 9

Is pressure usually more subtle in conformity, or compliance?

Answer 9

Conformity. It tends to be more direct with compliance. (p. 527)

Question 10

What do you call the technique where you first ask for a small request, then ask for the larger one which will be harder to turn down after they’ve said yes to the smaller one?

Answer 10

foot-in-the-door technique. (p. 527)

Question 11

A fundraiser asking for a $500 donation, then a $10 one after you have refused is an example of what technique?

Answer 11

Door-in-the-face. (p. 527)

Question 12

What is the that’s-not-all technique?

Answer 12

Start with an inflated price, but then lower it as a “deal”. (p. 527)

Question 13

What does the Not-so-free-sample technique rely on?

Answer 13

The norm of reciprocity, the well-accepted societal standard dictating that we should treat others the way they treat us. (p. 527)

Question 14

Is conformity, compliance, or obedience following direct orders or a change in behaviour in response to the commands of others?

Answer 14

Obedience. (p. 528)

Question 15

In Stanley Migram’s shock test on obedience, what percent of participants used the highest setting -450 volts- on the shock generator?

Answer 15

65% (p. 529)

Question 16

What was the primary reason participants obeyed in Milgram’s shock experiment?

Answer 16

They believed the experimenter would be responsible for any potential ill effects on the person being shocked. (p. 529)

Question 17

Philip Zimbardo is known for what study?

Answer 17

The Prison Study (p. 529, 530)

Question 18

What did the effect did The Prison Study result in the naming of?

Answer 18

The Lucifer Effect. (p. 530)

Question 19

Haz Zimbardo argued for a more situationalist or dispositionalist perspective on evil?

Answer 19

Situational. (p. 530)