Chapter 14 Flashcards
The posterior portion of the mesencephalon, containing the cerebellar hemisphere includes the arbor vitae, cerebellar nuclei, and cerebellar cortex
Cerebellum
The largest portion of the brain, composed of the cerebral hemisphere, includes cerebral cortex, the basal nuclei, and the internal capsule
Cerebrum
Connects the cerebellum to the brain stem. In addition to tracts and relays centers the pons also contains nuclei involved with somatic and visceral motor control
Pons
The most caudal of the brain regions, also called the myelencephalon
Medulla oblongata
A division of the brain that includes the epithalamus, thalamus, and hypothalamus
Diencephalon
The membrane the region between the diencephalon and pons
Mesencephalon
A fluid chamber in the heart, one of the large chambers discharging blood into the pulmonary or systemic circuits, in the brain one of the four fluid filled interior chambers
Ventricle
The isolation of the central nervous system from the general circulation, primarily the results of astrocyte regulation of capillary permeability
Blood brain barrier
The floor of the diencephalon, the region of the brain containing centers involved with the subconscious regulation of visceral functions, emotions, drives, and the coordination of neural and endocrine function
Hypothalamus
A pair of expanded portions of the cerebrum covered in the neural cortex
Cerebral hemisphere
The nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surfaces of the mesencephalon
Cerebral peduncles
The group of nuclei and centers in the cerebrum and diencephalon that are involved with emotions states, memories, and behavioral drives
Limbic system
A prominent fold or ridge of neural cortex on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres
Gyri
A groove or or furrow
Sulcus
An elongated groove or opening
Fissure
A graphic record of the electrical activities of the brain
Electroencephalogram
The second cranial nerve which carries signals from the retina of the eye to the optic chiasm
Optic nerve
Cranial nerve 3 which controls the extra ocular muscles other than the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles
Oculomotor nerve
Cranial nerve controlling the superior oblique muscle of the eye
Trochlear nerve
Cranial nerve 5 which provides sensory information from the lower portions of the face and delivers motor commands to the muscle of mastication
Trigeminal nerves
Cranial nerve 6 which innervates the lateral rectus muscle of The eyes
Abducens nerve
Lies along the edge of the premotor cortex in the same hemisphere as the general interpretive area
Speech center
Axons from these sensory neurons collected to from 20 or more bundles that penetrate the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
Old factory nerves
Are mixed nerves
Facial nerves
Are also know as the acoustic nerves the auditory nerves and stato-acoustic nerves
Vestibulocochlear nerves
Innervates the tongue and pharynx
Glossopharyngeal nerves
Arise immediately posterior to the attachment of the glossopharyngeal nerves
Vagus nerves
Leaves the cranium through the hypoglossal canal, the nerve then curves to reach the skeletal muscle of the tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
