Chapter 13 - reducing chance of pregnancy and STI's

Question 1

combined pill contains

Answer 1

estrogen and progesterone, has sugar pills when
the endometrium is shed

Question 2

Abstinence

Answer 2

refraining from sexual intercourse

Question 3

AIDS

Answer 3

acquired immune deficiency syndrome. disease caused by infection with HIV virus that damages the immune system so individual is susceptible to infection.

Question 4

periodic abstinence

Answer 4

abstaining from sexual intercourse on days where fertilisation is most likely. advantage is requires no medication or devices with associated medical side effects. but has low effectiveness

Question 5

rhythm method

Answer 5

sustaining from sexual intercourse 4 days before ovulation and 2 days after

Question 6

temperature method

Answer 6

female takes body temp each morning to determine time of ovulation. ovulation temp there is a sharp drop and then a rise

Question 8

diaphragm

Answer 8

barrier used by female, rubber cap across top of the vagina, used with spermicidal cream to increase effectiveness by killing sperm. doesnt protect against STIS

Question 9

how hormonal contraception works for women

Answer 9

prevents ovulation by changing the hormone levels in the females body

Question 10

combined pill works

Answer 10

releases estrogen and progesterone substitutes means LH and FSH levels are low, prevents development and release of mature eggs.
- cervical mucus becomes thick and sticky so sperm cant travel through the cervix to the uterus
- alters lining of the uterus so it is less receptive to the implantation of an embryo

Question 11

combine pill is not taken

Answer 11

sugar pill, estrogen and progesterone substitute levels drop and no protection against development and release of an egg

Question 12

mini pill works

Answer 12

no inactive pills, substitute for progesterone, makes cervical mucus thicker so sperm cant enter the uterus and lining of the uterus is changed, to be thinner and unsuitable for the implantation of a fertilised egg.

Question 13

implanon

Answer 13

slowly releases progesteron.
- cervical mucus thicker so sperm cant enter the uterus
- lining of uterus is changed to make it thinner and unsuitable for the implantation of a fertilised egg.

Question 14

hormonal based contraceptives A

Answer 14

high effectiveness, regulate menstrual cycle, reversible as once you stop taking hormonal contraception, fertility returns

Question 15

hormonal based contraceptives D

Answer 15

side effects on many women like mood swings, weight change, no protection against STI’s, pills need to be taken consistently to maintain their effectiveness

Question 16

IUD

Answer 16

intrauterine devices. high effectiveness, long lasting, no need for daily pill
No STI protection, risk expulsion from uterus, hormonal side effects of hormonal IUD

Question 17

copper IUD

Answer 17

plastic T frame with copper wire around. Copper acts as a spermicide, prevents fertilisation, changes endometrium so if an eff was fertilised, wouldnt be able to attach

Question 18

female sterilisation

Answer 18

tubal ligation

Question 19

male sterilisation

Answer 19

vasectomy

Question 20

types of progesterone hormone contraceptives

Answer 20

hormone IUD, mini pill, implanon, morning after pill

Question 21

types of progesterone and estrogen hormone contraceptives

Answer 21

combined pill, nuva ring

Question 22

chlamydia

Answer 22

chlamydia bacteria, vaginal or anal sex. most people show no symptoms and are unaware they are infected with chlamydia. Left untreated can lead to infertility as inflammation of uterine tubes can lead to blockage by scar tissue, or inflammation of epididymis.
treatment is urine test or swab of vagina or penis. if the chlamydia bacteria is detected then antibiotics are taken.

Question 23

genital herpes

Answer 23

caused by herpes simplex virus - blisters and ulcers, once in system it can reinfect at any time. treatment to reduce the severity of the attack but cant remove the herpes virus from the body.

Question 24

HIV

Answer 24

human immunodeficiencey virus. weakens immune system by infecting type of white blood cell, so infected person is susceptible to infection by other microorganisms. Not exchanging body fluids

Question 25

AIDS

Answer 25

person develops AIDS when immune system is damaged to the degree where it is unable to resist other infections

Question 26

syphilis

Answer 26

pox, small sores which heal and get worse in later stages of syphilis. If antibiotics are not taken then it can lead to blindness, paralysis and problems with heart and brain.