Chapter 13- Group performance and leadership Flashcards
What is the potential group performance?
The performance that would have occurred if members of the group would have worked independently of each other. This is a way to figure out the actual performance of the group.
What are additive tasks?
Performance is the sum of its member’s effort. (E.g. pulling a rope, shovelling snow, brainstorming)
What are disjunctive tasks?
A group has to decide one person’s performance (solution, judgment, proposal). Used in problem-solving, decision making, mathematical calculations.
What are conjunctive tasks?
The performance of a group requires all members effort to complete the task. (Stafett)
What is the ringelmann effect?
In physical tasks, the average performance decreases with increasing group size. (Rope pulling-people rely on others to do the job).
What are nominal groups?
Individuals of a group who perform a task alone; used to determine potential performance.
What are production blocking?
In a group; only one person can express their ideas at a time, blocking other members.
What is social loafing?
Reducing effort due to the fact that individual contributions are not identifiable. -Don’t know who pulls the most, so therefore it doesn’t matter how hard I pull.
What is the dispensability effect?
Members reduce effort because their individual contribution seems to have little impact on group performance. -It doesn’t matter how hard I pull because my pull won’t affect the overall performance.
What is the sucker effect?
Members perceive that other group members lower their effort; to avoid being exploited, they reduce effort themselves. -Me, when Amanda didn’t put effort into our lecture in Sofiaskolan.
What is social compensation?
When stronger members work harder than they would individually in order to compensate for the weaker members.
What is the Köhler effect?
When weaker members work harder than they would individually in order to avoid being responsible for a weak group performance.
