Chapter 13

Question 1

prosocial behaviour

Answer 1

helps others and society in general

Question 2

role of prosocial behaviour

Answer 2

people normally display prosocial behaviour to help our species survive and that through socialisation children learn that they should help others.

Question 3

Bystander affect

Answer 3

someone is more likely to help out if there is no one else is around.

Question 4

norm

Answer 4

standardised behaviour that is followed by society

Question 5

reciprocity principle

Answer 5

If someone helps us then we are expected to help that person

Question 6

Social responsibility norm

Answer 6

wea are expected to help those within society who are dependent, without expecting anything in return

Question 7

Empathy

Answer 7

emotional response to another person’s distress

Question 8

arousal

Answer 8

the act of reliving an issue to stop someone from being in distress to make the situation more comfortable for ourselves

Question 9

mood (bystander affect)

Answer 9

those who are in a better mood are more likely to help others than those in a bad mood

Question 10

compotence (bystander affect)

Answer 10

Competence also plays a role as those who think they can help due to their knowledge in a field are more likely to help e.g. a doctor will help someone who is on the ground but a tradie may not as they don’t have the necessary knowledge.

Question 11

Altruism

Answer 11

Altruism is providing help without expecting someone to pay it back

Question 12

Anti-social Behaviour

Answer 12

Behaviour that is harmful to others. Antisocial behaviour can be further broken down into hostile, which is impulsive or instrumental which is carefully planned out.

Question 13

nature and nurture of antisocial behaviour

Answer 13

Nature - people are instinctively aggressive and hostile to compete for resources
Nurture - people learn antisocial behaviour from socialisation

Question 14

Diffusion of responsibility

Answer 14

the more people there are the more likely people will

Question 15

Audience inhibition

Answer 15

helping someone may make the person look weird to others so some may not provide help due to a fear of social blunders.

Question 16

Social influence

Answer 16

if someone sees that others are not helping someone they may not help someone.

Question 17

Costa and benefit analysis

Answer 17

People weigh up the pros and cons of helping others and thus may not help another person. Stages of cost benefit analysis are physiological arousal, labelling the arousal with a specific emotion and evaluating the consequences of helping.

Question 18

Groupthink

Answer 18

when making decisions within a group we are more susceptible to others. Within groups we tend to make decisions that will help the harmony of a group. If we feel opposed to group decisions we tend to stay silent