Chapter 12

Question 1

What is Cystography?

Answer 1

Radiographic imaging of the urinary bladder

Utilizes fluoroscopy and radiography to visualize the bladder as it fills and empties

Question 2

Pathological changes

Answer 2

tumors inside or outside the bladder, trauma or vesicoureteral reflux
Abnormal backflow of urine into the ureters

Question 3

Cystourethrography

Answer 3

bladder and urethra

Question 4

Voiding cystourethrography

Answer 4

Urethra is visualized while patient voids upon removal of catheter

Question 5

Voiding cystography

Answer 5

Patient’s ability to empty bladder is determined

Question 6

Bladder is filled with contrast of

Answer 6

Adult patient: 200 to 300 mL

Pediatric patient: 50 to 100 mL

Question 7

What is Retrograde Pyelography (RP)

Answer 7

Radiographic technique performed to visualize the proximal ureters and kidneys after the administration of iodinated contrast

Question 8

Retrograde Pyelography (RP) uses to access

Answer 8

ureters for obstruction: stricture, tumor, stone, scarring or other pathological process
Renal function is not examined

Question 9

Negative contrast is

Answer 9

Carbon dioxide

Air

Question 10

Positive contrast is

Answer 10

Barium

Iodine

Question 11

Most frequently chosen contrast for radiography of the GI tract is

Answer 11

Barium Sulfate

Question 12

Double contrast allow

Answer 12

Small lesions to be detected

Question 13

When perforation of the GI tract is suspected a water-soluble iodinated contrast is used

Answer 13

Gastrografin

Question 14

Sonography & NM studies must be scheduled

Answer 14

Prior to contrast studies.

Question 15

Iodinated contrast studies must be performed

Answer 15

prior to barium studies

Barium is more dense than iodine

Question 16

When a patient is scheduled for a lower and upper GI procedure, the lower GI procedure should be

Answer 16

scheduled first

Barium clears quickly from the lower bowel

Question 17

Newborn to 2 years of age

Answer 17

No preparation is necessary

Question 18

Up to the age of 10 years

Answer 18

Low residue meal the evening before

Question 19

Adult patient

Answer 19

NPO after midnight the day of the examination

Question 20

Amount of barium needed for a single-contrast study is generally

Answer 20

1500 mL

Question 21

Patient with Intestinal Stoma

Answer 21

Stoma allows contents of the bowel to be eliminated

Created by bringing a loop of bowel to the skin surface of the abdomen

Question 22

Diseases treated in Intestinal Stoma

Answer 22

Cancer
Diverticulitis
Ulcerative colitis
Traumatic injuries

Question 23

Opening is from the colon

Answer 23

colostomy

Question 24

Opening is from the ileum

Answer 24

ileostomy

Question 25

Two openings

Answer 25

one located toward the rectum and the other toward the small bowel
One opening (proximal stoma) emits fecal material
Second opening (distal stoma) relatively nonfunctioning and emits only mucus

Question 26

Studies of the Upper GI & Small Bowel

Answer 26

Performed to diagnose pathological conditions of the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum and small intestine

Question 27

Adult Prepare for Upper GI & Small Bowel

Answer 27

NPO for 8 hours before examination
No smoking or chewing gum
Increases gastric secretions – dilutes contrast

Question 28

Infants – Prepare for Upper GI & Small Bowel

Answer 28

NPO for 3 to 4 hours

Question 29

1 years old-Prepare for Upper GI & Small Bowel

Answer 29

NPO for 4 to 6 hours

Question 30

Older the child Prepare for Upper GI & Small Bowel

Answer 30

the longer it takes for the stomach to empty

Question 31

What position for Women Pap Smear

Answer 31

Lithotomy position