Chapter 12 Flashcards
What are Neurotransmitters?
chemicals essential for transmission of neurons across the synaptic cleft
Acetylcholine is..
A Small Molecule Neurotransmitter
What deactivates Acetylcholine?
deactivated by Acetylcholinesterase
What is Alzheimer’s Disease?
progressive loss of the ability to reason and care for one- self
What causes Alzheimer’s Disease?
caused by degeneration of ACh releasing neurons in the Brain
What are Biogenic Amines?
modified amino acids
What does Dopamine do?
regulates skeletal muscle tone, movement, & emotional responses
What is Parkinson’s Disease?
associated with the progressive degeneration of Dopamine releasing neurons in the Brain
patient develops tremors, slow and uncoordinated movements
What is Serotonin?
associated with sensory perception, mood control, temperature regulation, appetite, sleep induction
What are SSRI’S (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor)?
allows serotonin to remain in the synaptic cleft longer
Ex: Prozac
What are Neuropeptides?
associated with controlling pain and modifying neuronal activity
ex.Endorphins, Enkephalins, Substance P
* a neurotransmitter of 3 to 40 bonded amino acids*
What is Neurogenesis?
the creation of new neurons from undifferentiated stem cells
Where does Axon Repair in the Peripheral Nervous System occur?
occurs in myelinated axons where the neurolemma in intact
apart of regeneration and repair of nervous tissue
What is Wallerian Degeneration?
the portion to the axon distal to the injury degenerates
What are the Early Effects of Regeneration and Repair of nervous tissue?
- The cell body swells
- Wallerian Degeneration occurs
- the proximal portion of the axon degenerates to the nearest Node of Ranvier
- Nissl bodies become granular in appearance
