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PSYC-1000 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Motivation

A

The underlying psychological and physiological processes involved in guiding an organism to pursue their goals

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2
Q

Drive

A

A biological trigger that signals we are deprived of and must seek out something

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3
Q

Primary Drive

A

A biological need (food, water)

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4
Q

Secondary Drive

A

A need that only has value because we’ve assigned it value (money)

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5
Q

Incentives

A

The stimuli we seek to reduce drives

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6
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body’s physiological processes that allow it to maintain a steady environment

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7
Q

Allostasis

A

Motivation that occurs due to prediction of future needs

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8
Q

Hunger

A

The need to consume nutrients

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9
Q

What part of the brain involved in hunger?

A

Hypothalamus

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10
Q

Satiation

A

The point when one is no longer motivated to eat

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11
Q

What does sugar stimulate?

A

Dopamine neurons in the nucleus accumbens

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12
Q

Bottomless Bowl Study

A

Those who were unaware their bowl kept getting refilled ate more

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13
Q

Unit Bias

A

The unit of sale seen as acceptable

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14
Q

Visual Perception: Colour Study

A

Food and plates with low contrast; serving size increased

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15
Q

What effect did applesauce have on selection of sweets?

A

Increase

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16
Q

Social Facilitation of Eating

A

Eating more

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17
Q

Impression Management and Eating

A

Eating more or less to be perceived as good mannered

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18
Q

Modelling and Eating

A

Eating whatever someone else eats

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19
Q

Anorexia Nervosa

A

A disorder characterized by dissatisfaction with one’s body and fear of being overweight

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20
Q

Bulimia Nervosa

A

A disorder characterized by binging and purging

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21
Q

Libido

A

Motivation for sex

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22
Q

Average age of first intercourse

A

16.5

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23
Q

Kinsey Reports

A

Survey done on college students.

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24
Q

Testosterone

A

Hormone that increases desire for sex in both sexes

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25
Q

Trigger Foods

A

Affect the selection of other foods

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26
Q

Parts of the Sexual Response Cycle

A

Excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

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27
Q

Refractory Period

A

The time period after sex where orgasm is not physically possible

28
Q

Sexual Script

A

Assumptions about the sexual behaviours of men and women

29
Q

Gender Roles

A

Accepted attitudes of males and females in society

30
Q

Sex Guilt

A

Guilt being felt after violating one’s culture’s rules for sex

31
Q

Passionate Love

A

An intense physical and emotional longing for a person

32
Q

Companionate Love

A

The love we feel when our lives are intertwined with another person’s

33
Q

Terror management theory

A

We cope with death by developing a worldview

34
Q

Maslow’s Theory (from top to bottom)

A

Self-actualization, aesthetic needs, cognitive needs, esteem needs, belongingness needs, safety needs, physiological needs

35
Q

Achievement Motivation

A

Drive to perform at high levels and accomplish goals

36
Q

Approach Goal

A

A desired outcome a person is drawn towards

37
Q

Avoidance Goal

A

An outcome that someone fears will occur if they don’t accomplish their goal

38
Q

Three Universal Psychology Needs

A

Relatedness, Autonomy, Competence

39
Q

Self Efficacy

A

Confidence in one’s self that they can problem solve and solve new problems

40
Q

Self-fulfilling Prophecy

A

An expectation that becomes true

41
Q

Self Determination Theory

A

An individual’s ability to achieve their goals is determined by their behaviours

42
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Motivation to achieve an external reward

43
Q

What is another name for extrinsic motivation?

A

Performance motivation

44
Q

What is another name for intrinsic motivation?

A

Mastery motivation

45
Q

Intrinsic Motivation

A

Motivation due to internal factors, not just rewards

46
Q

Amotivation

A

Feeling of no motive to do something

47
Q

Morality Salience Hypothesis

A

People who are motivated by their mortality will work to reinforce their cultural worldviews

48
Q

Parts of an emotion

A

Subjective experience, neural response, expression

49
Q

Main brain area involved in emotion?

A

Amygdala

50
Q

Sympathetic

A

Fight or flight

51
Q

Parasympathetic

A

REst and digest

52
Q

Which brain hemisphere shows greater prefrontal cortex response to emotions?

A

Left

53
Q

James-Lang Theory

A

Stimulus occurs, physical arousal, concious feeling

54
Q

Cannon-Bard Theory

A

Stimulus occurs, precortical processing

55
Q

Schacter and Singer Theory

A

Stimulus occurs, physical arousal occurs, an appraisal is made, and then a feeling occurs

56
Q

Results of Capilano Bridge study

A

People on the bridge more likely to misattribute affection from the female studier because they were more aroused

57
Q

Results of epinephrine study

A

Those who weren’t told they got epinephrine got mad or angry depending on the person in the room.

58
Q

Emotion REgulation

A

Process of regulating emotion

59
Q

Duchenne Smile

A

Uses more eye muscles

60
Q

Body language

A

Non-verbal cues

61
Q

Emotional dialects

A

How different cultures express different emotions

62
Q

Display Rules

A

When is it appropriate to display emotion?

63
Q

Effect of amygdala damage

A

Difficulty attributed emotion to events

64
Q

Effects of ventral frontal lobe damage

A

Don’t understand consequences

65
Q

What is the effect of arousal on decision making?

A

More likely to make poorer decisions

PSYC-1000 (13 decks)

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