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Anatomy 1 > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Muscle: helps body move either by contracting or relaxing the muscle.

A

skeletal

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2
Q

passes along stimulation so that intercalated discs all contract together

A

cardiac

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3
Q

Passes along stimulation in a wave-like pattern that comes from the short form of the fibers.

A

smooth

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4
Q

Produces the pulse you feel when you touch your wrist

A

cardiac

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5
Q

Moves food through the intestines

A

smooth

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6
Q

keeps the body upright

A

skeletal

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7
Q

degeneration of muscle cells, resulting in severeatrophy

A

muscular dystrophy

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8
Q

damaged scars made up of connective tissue replace cardiac or skeletal muscles

A

fibrosis

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9
Q

Sometimes caused by repeated muscular strain

A

fibrositis

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10
Q

Pain in muscles and where muscles connect to tendons

A

fibromyalgia

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11
Q

The long, striated muscle that is attached to bone.

A

skeletal muscle

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12
Q

An involuntary muscle in the heart.

A

cardiac muscle

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13
Q

An involuntary muscle in the hollow organs.

A

smooth muscle

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14
Q

A muscle cell.

A

muscle fiber

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15
Q

Gap-junctions between cardiac muscle cells.

A

intercalated disks

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16
Q

A rope-like organ that transfers information to the central nervous system.

A

nerve

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17
Q

A nerve fiber that sends nerve impulses.

A

axon

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18
Q

A rapid change in a cell’s electrical charge that reverses the plasma membrane’s electrical polarity.

A

action potential

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19
Q

A part of the central nervous system; extends from the brain stem through the vertebrae

A

spinal cord

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20
Q

The junction between nerve endings and muscle fibers

A

neuromuscular junction

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21
Q

A chemical in the neuromuscular junction that aids in stimulating or inhibiting muscle contraction.

A

neurotransmitter

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22
Q

An increase in bulk and size of muscle fibers.

A

hypertrophy

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23
Q

The adductor longus is named for its

Select one:
a. function and orientation.
b. origin and insertion.
c. location and size.
d. type and shape.
e. function and size.

A

e. function and size.

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24
Q

Which of the following is inserted on the calcaneus by the Achilles tendon?

Select one:
a. tibialis posterior
b. peroneus longus
c. peroneus brevis
d. extensor digitorum longus
e. gastrocnemius

A

e. gastrocnemius

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25
Q

The arm is attached to the thorax by the

Select one:
a. pectoralis major and teres major.
b. supraspinatus and latissimus dorsi.
c. pectoralis minor and pectoralis major.
d. latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major.
e. biceps brachii and triceps brachii.

A

d. latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major.

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26
Q

A

A

temporalis

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27
Q

B

A

Masseter

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28
Q

C

A

Sternocleidomastoid

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29
Q

D

A

Trapezius

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30
Q

E

A

orbicularis oculi

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31
Q

A

A

inferior rectus

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32
Q

B

A

superior oblique

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33
Q

C

A

superior rectus

34
Q

D

A

lateral rectus

35
Q

E

A

inferior oblique

36
Q

Which of the following muscles is named for its location?

Select one:
a. rhomboideus major
b. quadriceps femoris
c. trapezius
d. deltoid
e. teres major

A

b. quadriceps femoris

37
Q

A

A

serratus anterior

38
Q

B

A

linea alba

39
Q

C

A

external abdominal oblique

40
Q

D

A

rectus ado minis

41
Q

E

A

internal oblique

42
Q

Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one is NOT part of the quadriceps group?

Select one:
a. biceps femoris
b. rectus femoris
c. vastus lateralis
d. vastus medialis
e. vastus intermedius

A

a. biceps femoris

43
Q

The levator palpebrae superioris muscle

Select one:
a. puckers the mouth for kissing.
b. contributes to pouting.
c. contributes to laughing and smiling.
d. causes crow’s feet wrinkles.
e. raises the eyelid.

A

e. raises the eyelid.

44
Q

The orbicularis oculi muscle

Select one:
a. puckers the mouth for kissing.
b. contributes to pouting.
c. contributes to laughing and smiling.
d. causes crow’s feet wrinkles.
e. raises the eyelid.

A

d. causes crow’s feet wrinkles.

45
Q

The extensor pollicis brevis moves the

Select one:
a. forearm.
b. fingers.
c. thumb.
d. retinaculum.
e. palm.

46
Q

The anconeus works with the triceps brachii to

Select one:
a. supinate the forearm.
b. extend the forearm.
c. pronate the forearm.
d. flex the forearm.
e. rotate the forearm.

A

b. extend the forearm.

47
Q

Which of the following muscles would be considered an antagonist to the rectus femoris?

Select one:
a. sartorius
b. biceps femoris
c. vastus intermedius
d. gracilis
e. vastus lateralis

A

b. biceps femoris

48
Q

The abdominal muscle that has its origin at the pubic crest and symphysis pubis is the

Select one:
a. rectus abdominis.
b. transversus abdominis.
c. external abdominal oblique.
d. internal abdominal oblique.
e. linea alba.

A

a. rectus abdominis

49
Q

The flexion of the elbow represents a

Select one:
a. class I lever system.
b. class II lever system.
c. class III lever system.
d. class IV lever system.
e. nonlever system.

A

c. class III lever system.

50
Q

The infraspinatus

Select one:
a. laterally rotates the arm.
b. adducts and laterally rotates the arm.
c. medially rotates the arm.
d. abducts the arm.
e. flexes the shoulder.

A

a. laterally rotates the arm.

51
Q

Which abdominal wall muscle inserts on the xiphoid process and the linea alba?

Select one:
a. rectus abdominis
b. external abdominal oblique
c. internal abdominal oblique
d. transversus abdominis
e. quadratus lumborum

A

d. transversus abdominis

52
Q

Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one does NOT pull the leg forward?

Select one:
a. biceps femoris
b. rectus femoris
c. vastus lateralis
d. vastus medialis
e. vastus intermedius

A

a. biceps femoris

53
Q

The term “shin splints” is associated with

Select one:
a. injuries resulting from excessive stress on the tibialis anterior.
b. stress fractures of the fibula 2 to 5 cm distal to the knee.
c. posterior compartment syndrome.
d. injuries resulting from excessive stress on the tibialis posterior.
e. RICE.

A

a. injuries resulting from excessive stress on the tibialis anterior.

54
Q

Muscles that oppose one another are

synergists.
levers.
hateful.
antagonists.
fixators.

A

antagonists.

55
Q

The most movable attachment of a muscle is its

origin.
insertion.
fascia.
fulcrum.
belly.

A

insertion.

56
Q

The muscle whose name means it is to the side of midline is the

gluteus maximus.
vastus lateralis.
teres major.
latissimus dorsi.
adductor magnus.

A

vastus lateralis.

57
Q

In a class III lever system, the

fulcrum is located between the pull and the weight.
weight is located between the fulcrum and the pull.
pull is located between the fulcrum and the weight.

A

pull is located between the fulcrum and the weight.

58
Q

A prominent lateral muscle of the neck that can cause flexion of the neck or rotate the head is the

digastric.
mylohyoid.
sternocleidomastoid.
buccinator.
platysma.

A

sternocleidomastoid.

59
Q

An aerial circus performer who supports her body only with her teeth while spinning around should have strong

temporalis muscles.
masseter muscles.
buccinator muscles.
Both a and b are correct.
All of these are correct.

A

Both a and b are correct.

60
Q

The tongue’s shape changes primarily because of
the action of the

extrinsic tongue muscles.
intrinsic tongue muscles.

A

intrinsic tongue muscles.

61
Q

The infrahyoid muscles

elevate the mandible.
move the mandible from side to side.
fix (prevent movement of) the hyoid.
Both a and b are correct.
All of these are correct.

A

fix (prevent movement of) the hyoid.

62
Q

The soft palate muscles

prevent food from entering the nasal cavity.
close the auditory tube.
force food into the esophagus.
prevent food from entering the larynx.
elevate the mandible.

A

prevent food from entering the nasal cavity.

63
Q

Which of these movements is not caused by contraction of the erector spinae muscles?

flexion of the vertebral column
lateral flexion of the vertebral column
extension of the vertebral column
rotation of the vertebral column

A

flexion of the vertebral column

64
Q

Which of these muscles is not involved with the inhalation of air?

diaphragm
external intercostals
scalenes
transversus thoracis

A

transversus thoracis

65
Q

Given these muscles:
(1) external abdominal oblique
(2) internal abdominal oblique
(3) transversus abdominis

Choose the arrangement that lists the muscles from most superficial to deepest.
1,2,3
1,3,2
2,1,3
2,3,1
3,1,2

66
Q

Tendinous intersections

-attach the rectus abdominis muscles to the xiphoid process.
-divide the rectus abdominis muscles into segments.
separate the abdominal wall from the thigh.
-are the sites where blood vessels exit the abdomen into the thigh.
-are the central point of attachment for all the abdominal muscles.

A

divide the rectus abdominis muscles into segments.

67
Q

Which of these muscles can both elevate and depress the scapula?

rhomboideus major and minor
levator scapulae
serratus anterior
trapezius
pectoralis minor

68
Q

Which of these muscles does not adduct the arm (humerus)?

latissimus dorsi
deltoid
teres major
pectoralis major
coracobrachialis

69
Q

Which of these muscles would you expect to be especially well developed in a boxer known for his powerful jab (punching straight ahead)?

biceps brachii
brachialis
trapezius
triceps brachii
supinator

A

triceps brachii

70
Q

Which of these muscles is an antagonist of the triceps brachii?

biceps brachii
anconeus
latissimus dorsi
brachioradialis
supinator

A

biceps brachii

71
Q

The posterior group of forearm muscles is responsible for

flexion of the wrist.
flexion of the fingers.
extension of the fingers.
Both a and b are correct.
All of these are correct.

A

extension of the fingers.

72
Q

Which of these muscles is an intrinsic hand muscle that moves the thumb?

flexor pollicis brevis
flexor digiti minimi brevis
flexor pollicis longus
extensor pollicis longus
All of these are correct.

A

flexor pollicis brevis

73
Q

Given these muscles:
(1) iliopsoas
(2) rectus femoris
(3) sartorius

Which of the muscles flex the hip?
1
1,2
1,3
2,3
1,2,3

74
Q

Which of these muscles is found in the medial compartment of the thigh?

rectus femoris
sartorius
gracilis
vastus medialis
semitendinosus

75
Q

Which of these is not a muscle that can flex the knee?

biceps femoris
vastus medialis
gastrocnemius
gracilis
sartorius

A

vastus medialis

76
Q

The ______ muscles evert the foot, whereas the _____ muscles invert the foot.

-fibularis (longus and brevis), gastrocnemius and soleus
-fibularis (longus and brevis), tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus
-tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus, fibularis longus and brevis
-tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
-flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus, gastrocnemius and soleus

A

fibularis (longus and brevis), tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus

77
Q

Which of these muscles causes plantar flexion of the foot?

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
soleus
sartorius

78
Q

the fulcrum is located between the weight and the pull (or force) (seesaw)

WFP

A

Class I lever

79
Q

weight is located between the fulcrum and the pull (or force). upward pull lifts weight (wheelbarrow)

PWF

A

Class II lever

80
Q

the pull or force is located between the fulcrum and the weight. upward pull lifts weight (lifting weight, shovel)

WPF

A

Class III lever

81
Q

the pull or force is located between the fulcrum and the weight. upward pull lifts weight (lifting weight, shovel)

WPF

A

Class III lever

Anatomy 1 (17 decks)

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