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Anatomy BIO-271 > Chapter 1 Powerpoint (Beginning Through Body Systems) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Powerpoint (Beginning Through Body Systems) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the STRUCTURE of the body.

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the FUNCTIOn of the body.

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3
Q

2 major categories of anatomy

A
  • Macroscopic

- Microscopic

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4
Q

Microscopic anatomy includes…

A
  • Studying Cells

- Studying tissues

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5
Q

Level of biological organization (applicable to this class)

A
  • organelles
  • cells
  • tissues
  • organs
  • Organ systems
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6
Q

Example of an organelle:

A
  • mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • ribosomes
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7
Q

Example of cell

A
  • Red blood cells
  • nerve cells
  • ova
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8
Q

Examples of tissues

A
  • cardiac muscle

- bone marrow

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9
Q

Examples of Organs

A
  • heart

- brain

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10
Q

Organ Systems

A
  • Integumentary system

- Cardiorespiratory system

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11
Q

Integumentary System (major organs)

A

-Skin
Hair
Sweat Glands
Nails

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12
Q

Integumentary system (function)

A
  • Protects against environmental hazards,
  • helps regulate body temperature,
  • provides sensory information
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13
Q

Major Organs of The Muscular System

A

Skeletal muscles

Tendons (notice how ligaments are NOT mentioned here)

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14
Q

Why do we have a muscular system? (function)

A
  • Provides movement
  • Provides protection and support for other tissues
  • Generates heat that maintains body temperature
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15
Q

Major Organs of the Skeletal System

A
  • Bones
  • Cartilages
  • Associated ligaments
  • Bone marrow
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16
Q

Functions of the Skeletal System

A
  • provides support and protection for other tissues
  • stores calcium and other minerals
  • forms blood cells
17
Q

Major Organs of the Nervous System

A
  • Brain
  • Spinal Cord
  • Peripheral nerves
  • Sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, etc.)
18
Q

Major Organs of the Lymphatic system

A
  • Spleen
  • Thymus
  • Lymphatic Vessels
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Tonsils
19
Q

Functions of the lymphatic system

A
  • Defends against infection and disease
  • Returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream
  • When this system fails, just drink some detox tea…
20
Q

Major Organs of The Digestive System (the BIG homework one)

A
  • Teeth
  • Tongue
  • Pharynx
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Small intestine
  • Large Intestine
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Pancreas
21
Q

Functions of Digestive System

A
  • Processes and digest food
  • Absorbs and conserves water
  • Absorbs nutrients
  • Stores energy Reserves
22
Q

Major Organs of The Respiratory System

A
  • Nasal Cavities
  • Sinuses
  • Larynx
  • trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Lungs
  • Alveoli
23
Q

Functions of the Respiratory system,

A
  • Gas exchange (provides O2 and removes CO2)
  • Produces sound for communication
    Delivers air to lungs, specifically the alveoli (sites of gas exchange).
24
Q

The Urinary System Major Organs

A
  • Kidneys
  • Ureters
  • Urinary bladder
  • Urethra
25
Q

Functions of the Urinary System

A
  • Excretes waste products from the blood
  • Controls water balances by urine production regulation
  • Stores urine prior to voluntary elimination
  • Regulates blood ion concentrations and pH
26
Q

The Male Reproductive system (Major organs)

A
  • testes
  • epididymis
  • ductus deferens
  • seminal vesicles
  • prostate gland
  • penis
  • scrotum
27
Q

Function of male reproductive system

A

Produce male sex cells (sperm) and hormones.

28
Q

The Endocrine System (major organs)

A
  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid Gland
  • Pancreas
  • Adrenal Gland
  • Gonads (testes and Ovaries)
  • Endocrine tissues in other systems
29
Q

The Endocrine system (functions)

A
  • Directs long term changes in the activities of other organ systems
  • adjusts metabolic activity and energy use by the body
  • controls many structural and functional changes during development
30
Q

The Female Reproductive System (Major Organs)

A
  • Ovaries
  • Uterine Tubes
  • Uterus
  • Vagina
  • Labia
  • Clitoris
  • Mammary Glands
31
Q

Functions of the Female Reproductive system

A
  • Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and hormones
  • Supports developing embryo from conception to delivery
  • Provides milk to nourish newborn infant
32
Q

The Cardiovascular System (Major Organs)

A
  • Heart
  • Blood
  • Blood Vessels
33
Q

Functions of the Cardiovascular System

A
  • Distributes blood cells, water, and dissolved materials including nutrients, waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
  • Distributes heat and assists in control of body temperature.

Anatomy BIO-271 (22 decks)

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