Chapter 1

Question 1

Decision Making: What is it?

Answer 1

A complex, cognitive process of choosing a particular course of action;

the thought process of selecting a logical choice from available options

Question 2

What is part of decision making?

Answer 2

Problem solving

Question 3

Problem solving: What is it?

Answer 3

Part of decision making;

a systematic process focusing on analyzing a difficult situation involving higher order reasoning and evaluation

Question 4

Critical Thinking

Answer 4

The mental process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and evaluating information to reach an answer or conclusion

Question 5

Clinical Reasoning #1

Answer 5

Integrating and applying different types of knowledge to weigh evidence, critically think about arguments, and reflect on the process used to arrive at diagnosis

Question 6

Experiential Learning: What does it provide?

Answer 6

Provides mock life experiences to learn from

Question 7

Experiential Learning: What does it allow?

Answer 7

Allows learners to apply leadership and management theory

Question 8

Experiential Learning: What does it promote?

Answer 8

Promotes whole brain thinking and improved problem- solving skills

Question 9

Marquis-Huston Critical Thinking Teaching Model

includes:

Answer 9

Didactic theory

Problem solving

Personalized learning

Group process

Question 10

Characteristics of a Critical Thinker

Answer 10

Insight

Intuition

Empathy

Willingness to take action

Question 11

Successful Decision Makers

Answer 11

Self-aware

Courageous

Sensitive

Energetic

Creative

Question 12

Types of Decision Making

Answer 12

Recurrent and routine problem solving

Satisficing: satisfactory option not the best option.

Maximizing or optimal mode

Question 13

Questions That Should Be Asked in Data Gathering #1

Answer 13

What is the setting?
What is the problem?
Where is it a problem?
When is it a problem?
Who is affected by the problem?
What is happening?
Why is it happening? What are the causes of the problem? Can I prioritize the causes?
What are the basic underlying issues? Areas of conflict?
What are the consequences of the problem? Which of these are most serious?

Question 14

Frequent Errors Made in Decision Making #1

Answer 14

No clear objective or goal for decision

Faulty data gathering

Failure to use science, logic, and empirical evidence in making decisions

Not considering enough alternatives

Faulty logic or “crooked thinking”

Not assessing or ignoring the quality of the decision making that is required

Lack of self-awareness

Too much time spent identifying the problem

Refusal to act

Using outcome only for evaluation

Question 15

Innovation and Creativity: Critical Aspects of Problem Solving and Decision Making #2

Answer 15

New research suggests that gender also plays a role in how individuals make decisions.

Question 16

Right Brain vs. Left Brain Dominance #3

What is heuristics?

Answer 16

Heuristics refers to using a “trial-and-error” or “rule-of-thumb” approach to problem solving.

Question 17

To Make Better Decisions:

Answer 17

Use a systematic decision- making process whenever possible.

Question 18

Decision-Making Tools

Answer 18

Decision grids

Payoff tables

Decision trees

Consequence tables

Logic models

Program evaluation and review technique