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Class A&P > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Physiology?

A

The study of the body and its parts work and function
How structure determines function

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2
Q

What is Anatomy?

A

The study of the structure and shape of the body and it’s parts

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3
Q

What’s the difference between gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy?

A

Gross anatomy: Large structures
Microscopic anatomy: structures that are too small to be seen with the naked eye

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4
Q

What are the levels of organization?

A
  1. Chemical level
  2. Cellular level
  3. Tissue level
  4. Organ level
  5. Organ system level
  6. Organismal level
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5
Q

What are the organ systems?

A

Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic / Immune
Digestive
Integumentary
Respiratory
Reproductive
Skeletal
Muscular
Urinary

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6
Q

What is the pH of blood

A

7.35 - 7.45

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7
Q

What is the pH of the stomach?

A

1-3

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8
Q

What do you need to maintain homeostasis?

A

Negative feedback

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9
Q

What are the life functions?

A

Maintain Boundaries
Movement
Responsiveness
Digestion
Metabolism
Excretion
Reproduction
Growth

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10
Q

What are our survival needs?

A

Nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Normal Body Temperature
Atmospheric Pressure

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11
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Face front with palms out
*anterior and posterior don’t change based on person’s position

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12
Q

What does superior mean? (in relation to anatomical position)
Also what’s another term for superior?

A

Toward the head end or upper part of the body
Cranial

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13
Q

What does inferior mean? (In relation to anatomical position)

A

The lower part of the body; toward the feet

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14
Q

What does anterior mean? (in relation to anatomical position)
What’s another term for anterior?

A

Toward or at the front of the body
Ventral

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15
Q

What does posterior mean? (in relation to anatomical position)
What’s another term for Posterior?

A

Toward or at the backside of the body; behind; the back
Dorsal

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16
Q

What does medial mean?

A

Toward or at the midline of the body

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17
Q

What does lateral mean?

A

Away from the midline of the body

18
Q

What does intermediate mean, in relation to anatomical position?

A

Between a more medial and a more lateral structure

19
Q

What does proximal mean, in relation to anatomical position?

A

Close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
(Example: knee is proximal to ankle)

20
Q

What does distal mean?

A

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
(example: ankle is distal to knee)

21
Q

What does superficial mean?

A

Toward or at the body surface
External

22
Q

What does deep mean, in relation to anatomical position?

A

Away from the body surface; more internal
Internal

23
Q

What does Ipsilateral mean?

A

Means on the same side of the body

24
Q

What does Contralateral mean?

A

Means on the opposite side of the body

25
Q

What pain is common in the RUQ?

A

Infection / inflammation in gallbladder

26
Q

What’s the most common pain in the LUQ?

A

Problems in the spleen or stomach

27
Q

What pain is common in the RLQ?

A

Appendicitis

28
Q

What pain is common in the LLQ?

A

Diverculitis

29
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The maintenance of relatively stable internal conditions

30
Q

Why is homeostasis necessary?

A

Necessary for normal body functioning and to sustain life

31
Q

What 3 components do you need to maintain homeostasis?

A

Receptor
Control Center
Effector

32
Q

What does a receptor do?

A

Responds to changes in the environment (stimuli)
Sends information to control center along an afferent pathway

33
Q

What does the control center do?

A

Analyzes information
Determines appropriate response

34
Q

What does the effector do?

A

Provides a means for response to the stimulus
Information flows from control center to effector along the efferent pathway

35
Q

What is negative feedback do when talking about homeostasis?

A

Shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity
Includes most homeostatic control mechanisms

36
Q

What does positive feedback do when talking about homeostasis?

A

Increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
Rare in the human body

37
Q

What does midsagittal mean?

A

Evenly dividing the right and left side

38
Q

What does parasagittal mean?

A

Unevenly dividing the right and left side

39
Q

What does a frontal (coronal) cut mean?

A

Divides the anterior and the posterior

40
Q

What does a transverse (horizontal) cut mean?

A

Divides superior and inferior

41
Q

How many cavities does the thoracic cavity have? What are they?

A

3 cavities

Right Pleural cavity
Left Pleural cavity
Mediastinum

42
Q
A

Class A&P (17 decks)

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