Ch 11a: Cardiovascular System: Heart Flashcards
Where is the location of the heart?
In the mediastinum
The heart is enclosed and held in place by the what?
Pericardium
What layer of the heart is this:
Visceral layer of serous pericardium
Epicardium
What layer of the heart is this:
Spiral bundles of contractile cardiac muscle cells
Myocardium
What layer of the heart is this:
Lines heart chambers
Endocardium
What side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from tissues?
Right Side
Right side of the heart pumps blood to lungs via _________________
Pulmonary Circuit
What side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from lungs?
Left Side
Left side of the heart pumps blood to body tissue via ________________
Systemic Circuit
What side of the heart generates a lot more pressure than the other?
*Up to 200mL of mercury
Left side
Which atrium receives blood returning from systemic circuit?
Right Atrium
Which atrium receives blood returning from pulmonary circuit?
Left Atrium
What are the chambers of the heart that receive from circuits?
Atria
What are the chambers of the heart that pump through circuits?
Ventricles
Which ventricle pumps blood through pulmonary circuit?
Right Ventricle
Which ventricle pumps blood through systemic circuit?
Left Ventricle
What is an artery?
A vessel that carries blood AWAY from heart
What is a vein?
A vessel that carries blood TO the heart
What is the point of the valves?
To prevent backflow
What is the difference of the ventricles?
Left ventricle has more muscle because it’s pumping against greater resistance
What do the Atrioventricular (AV) Valves do?
Prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria
What do the Semilunar Valves do?
Prevent backflow from the arteries into the ventricles
What are the 2 AV Valves?
Tricuspid
Bicuspid (Mitral)
Ventricle Diastole -> __________ -> Ventricles fill
AV valves open
Ventricle Systole -> ____________ -> Ventricles Empty
AV Valves close
What collects blood from the capillary beds?
Cardiac Veins
What empties into the right atrium and is formed by merging cardiac veins?
Coronary Sinus
What are the 2 types of Myocytes?
Contractile Cells
Pacemaker Cells
Which type of myocyte is this:
Responsible for contraction
Contractile Cells
Which type of myocyte is this:
Noncontractile cells that spontaneously depolarize
Initiate depolarization of entire heart
Don’t need nervous system stimulation
Pacemaker Cells
What are the 4 main differences from Skeletal muscle?
- Heart contracts as a unit
- Contraction of all cardiac myocytes ensures effective pumping action
- No Summation
- Autorhythmic
What does no summation mean?
Completely relaxes before it can contract again
What does Autorhythmic mean?
Doesn’t need nerve stimulation
What is the Base of the heart?
The top of the heart
What is the Apex of the heart?
The bottom of the heart
