Ch 11a: Cardiovascular System: Heart

Question 1

Where is the location of the heart?

Answer 1

In the mediastinum

Question 2

The heart is enclosed and held in place by the what?

Answer 2

Pericardium

Question 3

What layer of the heart is this:

Visceral layer of serous pericardium

Answer 3

Epicardium

Question 4

What layer of the heart is this:

Spiral bundles of contractile cardiac muscle cells

Answer 4

Myocardium

Question 5

What layer of the heart is this:

Lines heart chambers

Answer 5

Endocardium

Question 6

What side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from tissues?

Answer 6

Right Side

Question 7

Right side of the heart pumps blood to lungs via _________________

Answer 7

Pulmonary Circuit

Question 8

What side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from lungs?

Answer 8

Left Side

Question 9

Left side of the heart pumps blood to body tissue via ________________

Answer 9

Systemic Circuit

Question 10

What side of the heart generates a lot more pressure than the other?

*Up to 200mL of mercury

Answer 10

Left side

Question 11

Which atrium receives blood returning from systemic circuit?

Answer 11

Right Atrium

Question 12

Which atrium receives blood returning from pulmonary circuit?

Answer 12

Left Atrium

Question 13

What are the chambers of the heart that receive from circuits?

Answer 13

Atria

Question 14

What are the chambers of the heart that pump through circuits?

Answer 14

Ventricles

Question 15

Which ventricle pumps blood through pulmonary circuit?

Answer 15

Right Ventricle

Question 16

Which ventricle pumps blood through systemic circuit?

Answer 16

Left Ventricle

Question 17

What is an artery?

Answer 17

A vessel that carries blood AWAY from heart

Question 18

What is a vein?

Answer 18

A vessel that carries blood TO the heart

Question 19

What is the point of the valves?

Answer 19

To prevent backflow

Question 20

What is the difference of the ventricles?

Answer 20

Left ventricle has more muscle because it’s pumping against greater resistance

Question 21

What do the Atrioventricular (AV) Valves do?

Answer 21

Prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria

Question 22

What do the Semilunar Valves do?

Answer 22

Prevent backflow from the arteries into the ventricles

Question 23

What are the 2 AV Valves?

Answer 23

Tricuspid
Bicuspid (Mitral)

Question 24

Ventricle Diastole -> __________ -> Ventricles fill

Answer 24

AV valves open

Question 25

Ventricle Systole -> ____________ -> Ventricles Empty

Answer 25

AV Valves close

Question 26

What collects blood from the capillary beds?

Answer 26

Cardiac Veins

Question 27

What empties into the right atrium and is formed by merging cardiac veins?

Answer 27

Coronary Sinus

Question 28

What are the 2 types of Myocytes?

Answer 28

Contractile Cells
Pacemaker Cells

Question 29

Which type of myocyte is this:

Responsible for contraction

Answer 29

Contractile Cells

Question 30

Which type of myocyte is this:

Noncontractile cells that spontaneously depolarize
Initiate depolarization of entire heart
Don’t need nervous system stimulation

Answer 30

Pacemaker Cells

Question 31

What are the 4 main differences from Skeletal muscle?

Answer 31

• Heart contracts as a unit
• Contraction of all cardiac myocytes ensures effective pumping action
• No Summation
• Autorhythmic

Question 32

What does no summation mean?

Answer 32

Completely relaxes before it can contract again

Question 33

What does Autorhythmic mean?

Answer 33

Doesn’t need nerve stimulation

Question 34

What is the Base of the heart?

Answer 34

The top of the heart

Question 35

What is the Apex of the heart?

Answer 35

The bottom of the heart