Ch 3: Cells & Body Tissue Flashcards
What is cell theory?
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms
What are the roles of proteins in the plasma membrane?
- Enzymes
- Receptors for hormones or other chemical messengers
- Transport as channels or carriers
What is the role of sugars in the plasma membrane?
Prevent cells from going to other areas
What is Glycocalyx and what does it do?
The fuzzy, sticky, sugar-rich area on the cell’s surface
It’s identification for the type of cell junction
What does the nucleus control?
The center of the cell
What does the nucleus contain? And why is needed and necessary?
- Contains genetic material (DNA)
- Needed for building proteins
- Necessary for cell reproduction
What are the 3 regions of the Nucleus?
- Nuclear Envelope (membrane)
- Nucleolus
- Chromatin
What is cytosol?
Fluid that suspends other elements and contains nutrients and electrolytes
What are the Inclusions in Cytoplasm?
Chemical substances, such as stored nutrients or cell products, that float in the cytosol
What are the organelles in the Cytoplasm?
- Mitochondria (most ATP)
- Rough Ribosomes (Protein synthesis)
- Smooth Ribosomes (Synth lipids, detox)
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi apparatus (“the post office”)
- Lysosome & Peroxisome (“garbage disposal” digestive, get rid of bad shit)
- Cytoskeleton (microfilament, intermediate filament, microtubules)
What do Cilia do?
Move materials across the cell surface
What do flagella do?
Propel the cell (aka the sperm)
What are microvilli? What do they do?
Tiny, fingerlike extensions of the plasma membrane
Increase surface area for absorption
What is the homogeneous mixture of 2 or more components?
Solution
What is the dissolving medium present in the larger quantity?
Solvent
**Water is body’s main solvent
