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Class A&P > Ch 11c: Cardiovascular System: Heart > Flashcards

Ch 11c: Cardiovascular System: Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What changes if either or both SV and HR is changed?

A

CO

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2
Q

CO is affected by factors leading to _________________ or _________________

A

Regulation of stroke volume
Regulation of Heart Rate

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3
Q

What does SV stand for?

A

Stroke Volume

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4
Q

What’s EDV?

A

End diastole Volume
(volume right before systole)

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5
Q

What’s ESV?

A

End Systolic Volume
(Volume right before diastolic)

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6
Q

What’s the equation for Stroke Volume?

A

SV = EDV - ESV

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7
Q

What’s affected by length of ventricular diastole and venous pressure?

A

EDV

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8
Q

What’s affected by arterial BP and force of ventricular contraction?

A

ESV

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9
Q

What are the 3 main factors that affect SV?

A

Preload
Contractility
Afterload

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10
Q

What’s Preload?

A

EDV; Load that’s started with

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11
Q

What’s Contractility?

A

Increased efficiency
(thus moving to a new curve)

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12
Q

What’s Afterload?

A

Force we are pumping against

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13
Q

What’s Hypertension?

A

High Blood Pressure

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14
Q

What carries blood away from the heart and to the body?

A

Arteries and Arterioles

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15
Q

What exchanges vessels and connects Arterioles & Venules?

A

Capillaries

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16
Q

What carries blood from the body to the heart?

A

Venules and Veins

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17
Q

What Tunica is this:

  • Endothelium
  • Loose connective tissue
A

Tunica Intima

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18
Q

What Tunica is this:

  • Smooth muscle (thicker)
  • Elastic fibers
A

Tunica Media

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19
Q

What Tunica is this:

  • Collagen fibers
A

Tunica Externa

20
Q

What only has endothelial cells?

A

Capillary

21
Q

What is vesoconstriction?

A

Diameter decreases

22
Q

What is vesodilate?

A

Diameter Increases

23
Q

What are capillary beds?

A

Interwoven network of capillaries

24
Q

Where do capillary beds drain into?

A

Postcapillary Venule

25
Q

What makes veins different from arteries?

A

They have thinner tunica interna and tunica medina

26
Q

What stops the blood from going back down (gravity)?

A

Valves
Skeletal Muscle Pump

27
Q

______________: Volume of blood that flows through tissue over time period (mL/min)

A

Blood Flow

28
Q

Total blood flow is ________________

A

Cardiac Output

29
Q

______________ for individual organs vary, depending on organ’s needs

A

Blood Flow

30
Q

__________ is needed to make blood flow

A

Pressure

31
Q

What is Arterial Pulse?

A

Alternative expansion and recoil of a blood vessel that occurs as the heart beats

32
Q

Where is Arterial Pulse monitored?

A

At pressure points

33
Q

What generates Blood Pressure?

A

Heart

34
Q

Pressure is highest in _________ and declines throughout ____________

A

Aorta
Pathway

35
Q

What is pressure gradient?

A

Driving force to keep blood moving

36
Q

What are the 2 arterial blood pressures that are measured?

A

Systolic
Diastolic

37
Q

What is Systolic pressure?

A

Pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular contraction

38
Q

What is Diastolic pressure?

A

Pressure when ventricles relax

39
Q

How is blood pressure expressed?

A

Systolic pressure over Diastolic pressure

40
Q

What is resistance?

A

Opposition to flow

41
Q

What is Peripheral Resistance?

A

Amount of friction blood encounters with vessel walls

42
Q

What are the 3 important sources of resistance?

A

Blood Viscosity
Total Blood Vessel Length
Blood Vessel Diameter

43
Q

What does MAP mean?

A

Mean Arterial Pressure

44
Q

What does TPR mean?

A

Total Peripheral Resistance

45
Q

What is the equation for MAP?

A

MAP = CO x TPR

46
Q

What can we alter to change Pressure?

A

HR
SV
TPR

47
Q

What factors affect TPR?

A

Viscosity of fluid, length of vessel, diameter of vessel

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