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Anatomy& Physiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Structure

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Function

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3
Q

Level of structural organization

A

Chemical level → cellular level → tissue level → organ level → organ system level → organism level

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4
Q

Integumentary system

A

Protects deep tissues ( e.g. Skin, oil / sweet gland, hair , nails)

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5
Q

Skeletal System

A

Protects/ supports body organs ( bones, joints, cartilage, ligaments)

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6
Q

Muscular system

A

Allows movement/ motion ( muscles/tendons)

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7
Q

Nervous system

A

Control system of the body ( brain, spine column, nerves )

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8
Q

Necessary Life Functions

A

Maintaining boundaries, movement , responsiveness , digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth

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9
Q

Survival needs

A

Nutrients, oxygen, water, normal body temperature, atmospheric pressure

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10
Q

Homeostasis

A

Ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions in the face of a changing external conditions

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11
Q

When is the body in homeostasis?

A

When it’s needs are adequately met and functioning smoothly

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12
Q

3 components of homeostasis

A
  1. Receptor
  2. Control enter
  3. Effector
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13
Q

Homeostasis step 1

A

Stimulus- produces change

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14
Q

Homeostasis step 2.

A

Receptor- detects change

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15
Q

Homeostasis Step 3

A

Input- info sent along afferent pathway to control center

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16
Q

Homeostasis Step 4

A

Output- info sent along the efferent pathway to the effector

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17
Q

Homeostasis Step 5

A

Response of effector feeds back to reduce the effect of the stimulus and returns variable to homeostatic level

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18
Q

negative feedback

A

reduces stimulus/stress

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19
Q

Regulation of blood glucose

A

negative feedback

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20
Q

Regulation of body temperature

A

negative feedback

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21
Q

positive feedback

A

increase stimulus/stress

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22
Q

Blood clotting is what type of feedback?

A

positive feedback

23
Q

Pregnancy/childbirth is what type of feedback?

A

positive feedback

24
Q

Fever/ immune response is what type of feedback?

A

Positive feedback

25
Q

What is anatomical position?

A
  1. Body errect
  2. feet slightly apart
  3. palms facing forward
26
Q

Superior

A

toward the head (cranial)

27
Q

Inferior

A

away from the head (caudal)

28
Q

ventral/ anterior

A

front of the body

29
Q

dorsal/posterior

A

behind/towards the back of the body

30
Q

medial

A

toward the midline

31
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline of the body/ the sides

32
Q

proximal

A

closer to the origin of the body part

33
Q

distal

A

farther from the origin of the body part

34
Q

superficial

A

at the body surface (external)

35
Q

deep

A

more INTERNAL away from the body surface

36
Q

frontal plane

A

anterior/posterior view of the body

37
Q

transverse plane

A

horizontal division; top/bottom

38
Q

Sagittal plane

A

left and right division of the body

39
Q

dorsal cavity

A

cranial cavity and vertebrae cavity

40
Q

Ventral cavity

A

thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

41
Q

quadrants on the right side

A

RUQ/ RLQ

42
Q

quadrants on the left side

A

LLQ/LUQ

43
Q

What organs are in the right hypochondriac region?

A

liver and gallbladder

44
Q

What organs are in the right lumbar region?

A

ascending colon of large intestines

45
Q

What organs are in the right iliac region?

A

cecum and appendix

46
Q

What organs are in the epigastric region?

A

stomach

47
Q

What organs are in the umbilical region?

A

Transverse colon of the large intestine and small intestine

48
Q

What organs are in the hypogastric region?

A

Urinary bladder

49
Q

What organs are in the left hypochondriac region?

A

Diaphragm

50
Q

What organs are in the left lumbar region?

A

Descending colon of large intestine

51
Q

What organs are in the left iliac region?

A

initial part of sigmoid colon

52
Q

What membrane is in the ventral body cavity?

A

serous membrane

53
Q

Oblique

A

diagonal cut

Anatomy& Physiology (18 decks)

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