Chapter 0 - LIFE COACHING AS AN OPERATING SYSTEM Flashcards
What is the basic operating system of life coaching?
A whole-person, client-centered approach.
Before 1990, how was coaching primarily viewed?
Coaching was mostly mentioned in corporate culture.
When was the International Coach Federation (ICF) founded?
1992.
What significant media coverage occurred in 1996 regarding coaching?
More than 60 articles, television interviews, and radio shows.
As of now, how many certified coaches are there globally?
Over 50,000 certified coaches in over 150 countries.
What is a key factor in the increasing popularity of life coaching?
The rise of media coverage and public interest.
What does the curriculum of the Institute for Life Coach Training emphasize?
A content-rich, theoretically based curriculum equivalent to graduate-level education.
Which ancient philosopher is quoted in relation to the examination of life?
Socrates.
What are the four major forces in psychological theory?
- Freudian
- Behavioral
- Humanistic
- Transpersonal
What is the definition of psychology according to Webster’s New World Dictionary?
(a) the science dealing with the mind and with mental and emotional processes, and (b) the science of human and animal behavior.
Who is considered the father of American psychology?
William James.
What did Sigmund Freud contribute to psychology?
Terms such as unconscious, id, ego, and superego.
What did behaviorism focus on in psychology?
Measurable behavior, ignoring the mind.
What is humanistic psychology concerned with?
Personal, ontological, and phenomenological aspects of human experience.
What concept did Abraham Maslow introduce?
The hierarchy of needs.
Fill in the blank: Carl Rogers developed a _______ approach.
[client-centered]
What did Viktor Frankl emphasize in his work?
The importance of finding meaning in work and life.
What technique is associated with Fritz Perls?
The empty chair technique.
Which psychologist is known for the concept of paradoxical intent?
Viktor Frankl.
What does the term ‘transpersonal psychology’ include?
Mind, body, and spirit.
True or False: The first books on coaching were primarily about life coaching.
False.
What contributions did Karen Horney make to psychology?
Irrational beliefs, need for security, and self-help modeling.
What is the significance of empathic listening in coaching?
It is key for understanding the client and facilitating change.
What did Carl Jung emphasize in his approach to psychology?
A holistic, spiritual understanding of human motivation.
Fill in the blank: Coaching is a _______ synthesis and application of applied behavioral change.
[multidisciplinary]
What is the common theme among the various specializations in coaching today?
A client-centered approach to personal and professional development.
Who is cited by coaches as an exemplar of the importance of intention and finding meaning in work and life?
Victor Frankl
Frankl’s work emphasizes the significance of having a purpose.
What approach did Milton Erickson investigate that contributed to the development of American hypnotherapy?
Hypnotherapy, linguistics, and double-binding of the client
Erickson is known as the father of American hypnotherapy.
What is reframing in the context of coaching?
A tool used to shift a client’s view of a situation
Reframing is often utilized by coaches to help clients see problems differently.
Name three well-known practitioners of solution-focused approaches.
- Insoo Kim Berg
- Steve de Shazer
- Bill O’Hanlon
These practitioners emphasized focusing on solutions rather than problems.
What did Martin Seligman promote as a strength-based approach to human fulfillment?
Positive psychology
Seligman’s work shifted the focus to strengths rather than weaknesses.
What are the three pillars of positive psychology according to Seligman?
- The study of positive emotions
- The study of positive traits and virtues
- The study of positive institutions
These pillars form the foundation of Seligman’s approach to positive psychology.
Fill in the blank: Positive psychology emphasizes building the most positive qualities of an individual, such as _______.
[optimism, courage, work ethic, interpersonal skill]
These qualities contribute to a fulfilling life.
What is the main difference between positive psychology and coaching?
Positive psychology focuses on prevention and treatment, while coaching emphasizes client self-discovery and empowerment
Coaching views clients as capable and resourceful, whereas positive psychology often adopts a medical model.
True or False: Coaching is considered a form of psychotherapy.
False
Coaching is distinct from psychotherapy and does not involve diagnosing or treating mental illness.
What is the significance of the term ‘intervention’ in positive psychology?
It refers to professionals intervening to modify outcomes based on their expertise
This contrasts with coaching, where the client is seen as the expert in their own life.
What method do coaches use to assist clients in discovering their own answers?
The Socratic method
This involves deep listening and powerful questioning to enhance client awareness.
What role do assessments play in positive psychology according to Seligman?
They gather data on happiness, strengths, and well-being
Assessments help researchers and individuals understand factors that contribute to a fulfilling life.
Name two assessments created by Seligman and his colleagues related to positive psychology.
- Authentic Happiness Inventory
- Grit Survey
These assessments measure various aspects of happiness and perseverance.
What concept did Barbara Fredrickson study that is central to positive psychology?
Positive emotions
Her research highlighted how positive emotions can transform individuals and their futures.
What is the aim of positive psychology as stated by Seligman?
To catalyze a change in psychology and build strengths
This aim includes preventing emotional disorders and enhancing individual well-being.
Fill in the blank: The focus of coaching is on the client as the _______ of their life.
[designer and creator]
This perspective empowers clients to take charge of their own development.
What is the primary distinction between coaching and psychotherapy?
Coaching is not psychotherapy; coaches do not perform as psychotherapists.
What does ICF’s Core Competency #1 emphasize regarding coaching?
It emphasizes maintaining distinctions between coaching, consulting, psychotherapy, and other support professions.
What should coaches do when clients need assistance beyond coaching?
Coaches should refer clients to other support professionals as appropriate.
According to Alex Linley, what is a benefit of positive psychology for management?
It motivates employees to work more diligently and productively while improving the quality of working conditions.
What is the most important factor in client success according to psychotherapy research?
The relationship between the therapist and client.
What does mastery in coaching involve according to the text?
Mastery is more about who you are than what you do or say.
True or False: Coaching is expected to become less common than psychotherapy in the future.
False.
What societal need does coaching address according to the text?
The need for connection with a mentor, coach, or guide.
What movement does the text associate with the rise of coaching?
The human potential movement of the 1970s.
What type of coaches are expected to become more common?
- Relationship coaches
- Parenting and family coaches
- Wellness and health coaches
- Spiritual development coaches
- Career coaches
What is the overarching concept under which all coaching is categorized?
Life coaching.
Fill in the blank: Transformational coaching focuses on who the client needs to be and how they need to _______.
[change]
What is the main focus of transformational coaching compared to transactional coaching?
Transformational coaching emphasizes the being of the client, while transactional coaching emphasizes measurable goals and outcomes.
What metaphor is used to describe transformational coaching?
It is like snorkeling in beautiful, calm waters, looking just below the surface.
What kind of questions might a coach ask to promote deeper reflection?
- What are you learning as you share this challenge?
- How are you changing or how do you need to change?
- How will you be when this future state is achieved?
What is an example of a focus in transactional coaching?
Committing to diet and exercise changes and tracking progress.
What is the main goal of transformational coaching?
To understand the true why for the goals the client wishes to meet.
How does the text describe the future of the coaching profession?
It will grow, interact with various societal processes, and establish itself internationally.
