Chap23 Ecosystems

Question 1

Ecosystem

Answer 1

Interacting living organisms and non-living conditions in an area

Question 2

Biomass

Answer 2

Mass of all living material in ecosystem

Question 3

Gross production

Answer 3

Total amount of light energy a plant uses to form biomass

Question 4

Net production

Answer 4

Energy/ biomass after respiration

Question 5

Formula for net production

Answer 5

Gross production - respiratory losses

Question 6

Efficiency formula

Answer 6

Biomass transferred / biomass intake x 100

Question 7

Trophic level

Answer 7

Each stage in a food chain

Question 8

Producer

Answer 8

Concerts light energy into chemical energy by photosynthesis

Question 9

Decomposers

Answer 9

Break down dead organisms to release nutrients into ecosystem

Question 10

Ecological efficiency

Answer 10

Efficiency with which energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next

Question 11

Succession

Answer 11

An ecosystem changes from simple to complex overtime

Question 12

Primary succession

Answer 12

Newly formed land where no soil or organic material present to start with

Question 13

Secondary succession

Answer 13

Soil is present but no plant or animal species

Question 14

Pioneer community

Answer 14

Change the environment to make it less hostile and enable species to survive

Question 15

Intermediate communities

Answer 15

Release nutrients into the soil

Question 16

Climax community

Answer 16

Stable community
Less hostile conditions with high species diversity

Question 17

Humus

Answer 17

Organisms of pioneer species die and decompose to release organic product

Question 18

Deflected succession

Answer 18

Human activity prevent climax community from forming
Occurs by Agriculture

Question 19

Species abundance

Answer 19

Number of individuals of a species present