Chap22 Cloning And Biotechnology

Question 1

Vegetative propagation

Answer 1

Natural plant cloning

Question 2

Micropropagation

Answer 2

Artificial plant cloning

Question 3

Biotechnology

Answer 3

Use of living organisms to make human product

Question 4

Primary metabolites

Answer 4

Directly involved in growth and reproduction eg ethanol

Question 5

Secondary metabolites

Answer 5

Not directly involved in growth and reproduction eg penicillin

Question 6

Number of colonies per cm3

Answer 6

Number of colonies / volume of sample added

Question 7

Number of microorganisms

Answer 7

Number of colonies per cm3 x volume of broth

Question 8

Dilution factor

Answer 8

Total volume / volume transferred

Question 9

Batch fermentation

Answer 9

Collects secondary metabolites until death phase where more microorganisms are added

Question 10

Continuous fermentation

Answer 10

Microorganisms replaced at exponential phase for continuous growth
Primary metabolites collected

Question 11

Bioremediation

Answer 11

Microorganisms break down contaminants in land and water