Chaining

Question 1

Behavioral chain

Answer 1

Complex behaavior comprised of several component behaviors that occur together in a certain order
- “Stimulus-Response chain”
- each behavior produces a stimulus that acts as an S^D for the next behavior
- final response is followed by reinforcement

EX: EO (gas tank low) -> + S^D1 (gas station sign) -> R1 (exit highway)

Question 2

Task Analysis

Answer 2

Identifying all antecedent stimuli and responses in the sequence in a behavioral chain

Conducted in 3 different ways:
1. observe someone who is competent at the task
2. recruit an expert who describes all S^Ds and responses
3. behavior analyst preforms task themselves

Question 3

Tatal Task Presentation

Answer 3

Individual attempts all links in chain from beginning to end
- prompting is provided
- NATURAL reinforcement is given only after last link
PROS & CONS
- not good for complex/long tasks
- requires lots of guidance

Question 4

Backward Chaining

Answer 4

Teaching a complex behavior starting with the final link
- immediate reinforcement
- NATURAL reinforcement is given after the last link
PROS & CONS
- requires additional prep from behavior analysist

Question 5

Forward Chaining

Answer 5

Teaching a complex behavior starting with the first link using prompting and fading
- NATURAL reinforcer is delivered only when last link is mastered
- conditioned reinforcer is delivered between links of chain

Question 6

Self-prompting methods (4)

Answer 6

Written task analysis (textual prompts)
Self-instructions
Picutre prompts
Video modeling

Question 7

Written task analysis (Texutal prompts)

Answer 7

Learner uses a list of instructions
- ex: recipe in cook book

Question 8

Self-instructions

Answer 8

Learner recites a series of verbal prompts overtly or covertly
- ex: repeating a shopping list to yourself

Question 9

Picture prompts

Answer 9

Learner uses photos or pictures
- ex: how to assemble a cheeseburger

Question 10

Video prompts

Answer 10

Learner watches a viedo of a model preforming links

Question 11

Gradual change procedures (3)

Answer 11

shaping
fading
chaining

Question 12

Shaping

Answer 12

Reinforcing successive approximations of the target behavior
- unstructured situation emits a varitey of behaviors
- reinforcement & extinction

Question 13

Fading

Answer 13

Gradually transfer stimulus control
- structured situation allows precise control of stimuli
- reinforcement

Question 14

Chaining

Answer 14

Reinforce stimulus-response links comprised of a sequence of behaviors
- structured situation that allows stimuli and responses to be sequenced precisely
- reinforcement, prompting with fading

Question 15

6 Steps fo Chaining Procedures

Answer 15

1. is chainging appropriate?
2. Task analysis
3. Measure baseline
4. Select chaining procedure (learners ability level)
5. Apply behavior treatement program
6. Ensure behavior is maintained