Ch.9 Joints Flashcards
3 Structural Categories of Joints
3 Structural Categories of Joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
What Category of Joints?
Synarthroses (immobile joints)
Amphiarthrosis (slightly mobile joints)
Functional Categories of Joints
(immobile joints)
Synarthroses
Functional Categories of Joints (1/2)
*Can be fibrous or cartilaginous Joints
(slightly mobile joints)
Amphiarthrosis
Functional Categories of Joints (2/2)
Bones held together by dense connective tissue
Fibrous Joint (synarthroses)
bones held together by dense CT
Fibrous (synarthroses)
3 most common types of Fiberous Joints
Gomphoses
Sutures
Syndesmoses
Gomphoses
Sutures
Syndesmoses
3 most common types of Fiberous Joints
found in teeth
Gomphoses (1/3 most common fiberous Joints)
Found between bones of the skull
Sutures (2/3 most common fiberous Joints)
Found between radius & ulna (interosseous membrane)
Syndesmoses
bones joined by cartilage
Cartilaginous Joints:
(2/3 Classifiction of Joints)
what type of Cartilage are wedged between articulating bones
Hyaline or FibroCartliage
fibrocartilage is wedged between articulating bones
Symphyses (slightly movable)
where is Fibrocartliage found in
(pubic symphysis and intervertebral disc –IVD)
(Symphysis)
all synovial joints are how movable
diarthroses (freely movable)
freely movable Joint
diarthroses
(Synovial Joints)
What type of joint =?
This type of joint contains:
articular capsule/ a joint cavity
Synovial joints
3 movements
Uniaxial joint
Biaxial joint
Multiaxial joint
What type of joint =?
Bone moves in just one plane or axis
Uniaxial joint
What type of joint =?
bone moves in two planes or axes
Biaxial joint
What type of joint =?
bone moves in multiple planes
Multiaxial joint
plane joints,
hinge joints (uniaxial)
pivot joints (uniaxial)
condylar joints (biaxial)
saddle joints (biaxial)
ball-and-socket joints (multiaxial)
Classes by shape of joint surfaces
Angular Motion
Increases the angle between articulating bones
Extension
Angular Motion
trunk of body moving in coronal plane laterally
Lateral flexion:
Angular Motion
lateral mvoement of body part away from midline
Abduction:
Angular Motion
Medial movement of body part toward midline
Adduction
Distal end makes a cicular motion
Circumduction
2 uniaxial Joints
pivot joints
hinge joints
2 biaxial joints
condylar
saddle
multiaxial joint
ball-and-socket joints
Lateral Rotation
Medial Rotation
Pronation:
Supination
4 Types of Rotations
Medial rotation of forearms so palm of hand posterior
Pronation
Lateral Rotation of forearm so palm of hand anterior
Supination
(what class lever)
fulcrum between the effort and the resista
First-Class Lever:
(what class lever)
Fulcrum in middle, between resistance and effort
Fulcrum (First class lever)
(what class lever)
Example of a first class lever
atlanto-occipital joint of the neck
(What class lever)
resistance is between fulcrum and effort
Second-Class Lever
Ex: standing on your tiptoes
standing on your tiptoes is an example of what class lever?
Second Class Lever
What Class lever
effort applied between resistance and fulcrum
3rd Class Lever
( most common type of lever)
What is the Most common Lever
3rd Class Lever
( most common type of lever)
Example of 3rd Class Lever
elbow joint
( most common type of lever)
Symphyses means
Slightly movable (contains fibrocartilage)