Ch.7: Memory Flashcards
The internal record or representation of some prior event or experience. The mental capacity to encode, store, and retrieve information
Memory
What are three key terms for memorization
Encode, Storage, and retrieve
What are the three forms of storage
Sensory storage,Short term memory, and long term memory
The process of organizing and shaping information during processing, storage,and retrieval of memories
Constructive Process
The initial memory storage, which holds sensor information, has relatively capacity but the duration is only for a few seconds
Sensory Memory
Two types of sensory memory include
Iconic memory and auditory memory
The second memory stage, which is also called working memory, temporarily stores and processes stimuli. If information is important, it organizes and send information to the LTM. Capacityis limited and duration is 30 seconds
Short term memory
The process of grouping seperate area pieces of information into a single unit on the basis of similarity or some organizing principle. EX. phone number
Chunking
The memory improvement technique of repeating information over and over to maintain in STM
Maintenance Rehearsal
The third stage, stores information permanently
Long term memory
short term memory retrieves its information from
sensory memory and LTM
Type of LTM which consciously stores facts, information and personal life experience
Explicit/declarative memory
Type of LTM which consist of general knowledge, rules,facts,and specific information
Semantic Memory
Type of LTM which is a mental diary of a person’s life, episodes
Episodic memory
Type of LTM which is procedural motor skill, classically conditioned responses . What we already know. common sense
Implicit/nondeclaritive memory
Prior exposure to a stimulus facilitates the processing of new information
Priming
3 ways to improve long term memory are
Organization, rehearsal and retrieval
A strategy or device that uses familiar information during encoding of new information to enhance subsequent access to the information
Mnemonic
_________ retrieves of information is improved if cues recieved at the time of recall are consistent with those present at the time of encoding
Encoding-Specifity principle
A prompt or stimulus that aids recall or retrieval of a stored piece of information from LTM
Retrieval cue
__________ first introduced the experimental study of learning and forgetting in 1885
Herman Ebbinghus
A forgetting theory which states that connections between neurons probably deteriorate over time (use it or lose it)
Decay theory
A forgetting theory which states that it is caused by two competing memory, with memories similar to one another.
Interference theory
new info leads to forgetting old info Ex. names of new friends
Retroactive interference
