Ch5 Bacteria (Gonorrhoeae thru Leprosy) Flashcards
What is the most common reportable bacterial infection in the United States?
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhea: sexual contact (genital areas) Indirect infection is rare (because of _____ and cannot
penetrate intact stratified squamous epithelium). incubation = ________. Affected areas often demonstrate significant ______ discharge, but 10% men and 80% women are ASYMPTOMATIC
drying…2 to 5 days…purulent
75% of patients with disseminated gonorrhea = characteristic skin rash develops…what do they look like? Here are they found?
Papules and pustules that often exhibit a hemorrhagic component and occur primarily on the extremities
Oral cavity gonorrhea can mimic ______, but what is ONE KEY difference?
NUG…LACK OF FETOR ORIS (bad smell)
What is the term for when gonorrhea is spread to the eye during birth of a child?
Gonococcal opthalmia neonatorum
What is the gram for neisseria gonorrhoeae? Whats the morphology?
gram negative diplococcus
What is the most common coinfection with gonorrhea?
chlamydia trachomatis
What is the first line treatment for gonorrhea?
IM CEF-TRI-AXONE + azithromycin or doxycycline
What is the estimate for amount of the world population infected with TB?
ONE FUCKING THIRD :-O (2 buh-buh-billion)
What are two other mycobacterium besides TB that cause infection?
mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
Besides HIV-infected individuals, how do MOST other cases of NON-TB mycobacterial infections present?
localized chronic cervical LAD in otherwise healthy children
What flavor of mycobacterium is most common as an opportunisitic infection in HIV+ pts?
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
Primary TB is in previously UNEXPOSED pts and ALMOST ALWAYS involves what organ?
lungs
What % of patients with TB progress from infection to ACTIVE DISEASE?
ONLY 5-10% (usually in immunocompromised)
What is another name for SECONDARY TB? (reactivation of the bug)
Miliary TB (resembles millet seeds)
Primary TB is usually ASYMPTOMATIC, but what two symptoms are most likely to occur if symptomatic?
fever and pleural effusions
Classically the lesions of secondary TB are located in WHAT REGION of the lungs?
APEX
What is the term for TB involvement of the skin?
Lupus Vulgaris
What are the three most common head & neck sites for extrapulmonary TB?
Cervical lymph nodes, larynx, and middle ear
What are the most common presentations of oral TB? (rare)
chronic ulcers or swellings
Because TB can have ulcerations in the mouth and palpable lymph nodes, what is also on the differential?
SCC
What is the reported prevalence of oral TB lesions? What are the 2 proposed methods of how pulmonary TB would move to the oral cavity?
0.5 - 5% of TB cases have oral manifestations….1) hematogenous spread vs 2) exposure to infected sputum
Primary oral TB WITHOUT pulmonary involvement is RARE…what AGE group is more likely to have this?
children / adolescents
What is the name for a (nonTB) mycobacterial infection obtained from drinking contaminated milk? What are the clinical features? What is a radiographic feature?
SCROFULA…enlargment of OROPHARYNGEAL lymphoid tissues and CERVICAL lymph nodes…radio: calcification of the lymph nodes
