CH13- Hematologic Disorders (non-neoplastic) Flashcards
Most common head and neck site for lymphoid hyperplasia
anterior cervical chain
Most common locations for lymphoid hyperplasia in the oral cavity
oropharynx, soft palate, lateral tongue and floor of mouth
A deep nodule of intraoral lymphoid hyperplasia appears pink, versus a superficial lesion may appear ___________
yellow-orange
Enlarged, rubbery-firm, nontender, freely moveable lymph node most likely represents
chronic inflammation –> lymphoid hyperplasia
R/o lymphoma by clinical hx (not rapidly enlarging)
What condition can cause multiple chronically enlarged non-tender lymph nodes
HIV
Histology of lymphoid hyperplasia
Differential based on histo?
sheets of well-diff lymphocytes with germinal center formation
*differential may include follicular lymphoma
Hallmark feature of hemophilia (of all kinds)
increased coagulation time
3 most commonly encountered bleeding disorders
Hemophilia A, Hemophilia B, von Willebrand disease
Most common inherited bleeding disorder
Von willebrand disease
Another name for hemophilia A
classic Hemophilia
Prevalence of:
Hemophilia A
Hemophilia B
Von willebrand disease
A: 1:10,000 person, 1:5000 males
B: 1:60,000 persons, 1:30,000 males
VWD: 1:800-1000 people
% of cases of Hemophilia A that represent new mutations
30%
Mutations in what causes hemophilia A?
Factor 8- over 900 different mutations
Patients with ?% normal F8 can live relatively normally while those with ?% bruise with even minor trauma
25%
<5%
(Hemophilia A)
Definition: deep hemorrhage resulting in a tumor like mass (can occur intraorally)
Pseudotumor of hemophilia
Deep hemorrhage of muscle, soft tissue and the joints may occur in
Hemophilia
joints= hemarthrosis
What disease accounts for 80-85% of bleeding disorders related to a specific clotting factor
Hemophilia A
Inheritance pattern for:
Hemophilia A
Hemophilia B
Von willebrand disease
X linked recessive
X linked recessive
Autosomal: rec or dom
What lab value is abnormal in Hemophilia A & B
PTT
Abnormal lab values for VWD
Abnormal PFA(platelet function assay), abnormal PTT
What is the function of von willebrand factor
glycoprotein in the plasma that helps platelets adhere to a bleeding site, also a transport molecule for Factor 8 in the plasma
Hemophilia A:
>____% of factor 8 = probable normal function
_____% Factor 8 may be mild disease
> 25%
5-40%= no treatment for normal activity, maybe treatment for surgery
<1%-need injections of clotting factors as soon as hemorrhagic event occurs to prevent crippling deformities
AVOID ___ containing medications in hemophilia and VWD
aspirin
Antifibrinolytic agent given before and after surgery in hemophilia and VWD
EACA- epsilon-aminocaproic acid
give 1 day before and 7-10 days after