Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ap psych > ch5 > Flashcards

ch5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards
1
Q

transduction

A

stimuli are turned into neutral impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sensory adaptation

A

decreasing response to stimuli due to constant stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sensory habituation

A

perception of stimuli is partially due to how much you focus on them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cocktail party phenomena

A

perceiving stimuli can be both voluntary & involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sensation

A

activation of senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

perception

A

process of understanding sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

energy senses

A

vision, hearing, touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

trichromatic theory

A

states that there are 3 types of cones in the retina (cones that detect red, blue & green)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

opponent process theory

A

(explains color blindness & afterimages)
states that sensory receptors in the retina come in pairs (red/green, yellow/blue, black/white)
and when one sensory is stimulated, it prevents the other from firing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

amplitude

A

height of wave, determines vollume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

frequency

A

length of wave, determines pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ossicles (small bones in ears)

A

hammer, anvil, stirup

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cochlea

A

snail shell like structure that is filled with fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

basilar membrane

A

floor of cochlea, filled with hair cells connected to organ of corti

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

organ of corti

A

neurons activated by movement of hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

place theory

A

theorizes that hairs in the cochlea respond to different pitches depending on where they are located in the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

frequency theory

A

pitch is sensed because hair fires at different rates in the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

conduction deafness

A

deafness that is caused when something is wrong with conducting sound to the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nerve/sensorineural deafness

A

deafness that is caused when hair in the cochlea is damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

gate control theory

A

touch theory. states that some pain messages have higher priority when passing through the “gate”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

chemical senses

A

taste, smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

taste/gustation

A

chemicals from food are absorbed by taste buds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

smell/olfaction

A

absorbs molecules of substances that rise into the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

body position senses

A

vestibular sense, kinesthetic sense

25
Q

vestibular sense

A

tells how body is oriented

26
Q

kinesthetic sense

A

tells how specific parts of the body are oriented

27
Q

absolute threshold

A

the minimum amount of stimulation needed before the body can detect it

28
Q

difference threshold

A

how much a stimulus needs to change before a difference can be noticed

29
Q

just-noticeable difference

A

smaller amount of change in a stimulus before change is detected

30
Q

weber’s law/Weber-Fechner’s law

A

states that the amount of change needed is proportional to the original intensity of the stimulus

31
Q

signal detection theory

A

theorizes the intensity of the stimulus + the physical/psychological state of the person determines whether or not a person can process the stimulus

32
Q

top down processing

A

when background knowledge is used to fill gaps about what is perceived

33
Q

schemata

A

how you expect the world to be likeperce

34
Q

perceptual set

A

the tendency to perceive something in a certain way

35
Q

bottom up processing/feature analysis

A

uses individual characteristics of an object to create a complete perception

36
Q

figure ground relationship

A

brain deciding what part of the image is the figure and what is the background

37
Q

gestalt rules

A

states that people are more likely to process images as groups.
proximity, similarity, continuity, closure

38
Q

proximity

A

objects that are close together are more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same grounp

39
Q

similarity

A

objects similar in appearance are likely to be perceived as the same group

40
Q

continuity

A

objects that are arranged in a particular pattern are more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same group

41
Q

closure

A

objects that make up a recognizable image share more likely to be perceived as belonging in the same group.

42
Q

constancy

A

the ability to maintain a constant perception of an object despite changes in angle, light, etc

43
Q

size constancy

A

when objects are perceived to be the same size despite changes caused by the distance a person is from it.

44
Q

shape constancy

A

when objects are perceived to be the same shape despite being looked at from a different angle

45
Q

brightness constancy

A

when objects are perceived to be a constant color(s) despite the amount of light.

46
Q

perceived motion

A

when a brain perceives something as moving when its not

47
Q

stroboscope effectt

A

still pictures presented at a certain speed will appear to be moving

48
Q

phi phenomenom

A

a series of lights turned on and off at a particular rate will cause it to appear as one moving light

49
Q

autokinetic effect

A

if people stare at spots of light in a dark room, they will see the spots move even if there is no movement

50
Q

monocular cues

A

depth cues that can be perceived without 2 eyes

51
Q

linear perspective

A

a series of parallel lines that connect at a single vanishing point to create the illusion of depth

52
Q

relative size cue

A

the close an object is to the viewer, the bigger it is

53
Q

interposition cue

A

objects that block other objects are closer

54
Q

texture gradient

A

the closer an object is to the viewer, the more detailed it is

55
Q

shadows

A

implies a light source

56
Q

binocular cues

A

depth cues that require 2 eyes

57
Q

binocular/retinal disparity

A

each eye sees a slightly different angle of an image, and the brain combines the images to detect depth

58
Q

convergence

A

as an object gets closer, the eyes must converge (move) to perceive it. the brain takes into account the amount of movement in order to perceive depth.

ap psych (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions