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ap psych > ch11 > Flashcards

ch11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Type A personality

A

hard workers, competitive, ambitious, easy to anger

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2
Q

Type B personality

A

laid back, easygoing

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3
Q

eros

A

life instinct, directed by libido (seen as desire for sex)

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4
Q

thanatos

A

death instincts (seen as aggression)

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5
Q

ID

A

exists in unconscious mind, follows pleasure principle (seeks immediate pleasure)

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6
Q

Ego

A

exists in both conscious and unconscious minds. follows reality principle (negotiates between desires of ID & limitations of the environment.

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7
Q

superego

A

exists in both conscious and unconscious mind, develops a conscience (thinking about what is right VS what is wrong)

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8
Q

types of defense mechanisms

A

repression- blocking thoughts
denial- not accepting truth
intellectualization- starting an academic study
projection- believing that your feelings towards someone is actually their feelings towards you
displacement- redirecting feelings towards another person/object
regression- seeking a past method of comfort
reaction formation- expressing the opposite to what you feel
rationalization- making up benefits from an unwanted event
sublimation- channeling feelings towards different goal

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9
Q

personal unconsciousness

A

contains complexes

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10
Q

complexes

A

painful/threatening memories

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11
Q

collective unconsciousness

A

is passed down through species. contains archetypes

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12
Q

archetypes

A

universal concepts we all share

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13
Q

nomothetic approach (trait theories)

A

theorists who believe the same basic traits can be used to describe all personalities

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14
Q

big 5 traits

A

extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness (how hardworking), openness to experience (trying new things), emotional stability

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15
Q

Idiographic approach

A

theorists who believe using the same set of terms to classify all people is impossible

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16
Q

Cardinal Dispositions

A

a trait that plays a pivotal role in almost everything someone does

17
Q

central dispositions

A

traits that are influential to personality

18
Q

secondary dispositions

A

traits with not much influence on ones personality

19
Q

heritability

A

measurement of the variation of a trait in a population that is a result of genetics

20
Q

temperaments

A

emotional style/ways of dealing with the world

21
Q

hippocrates

A

believed personality to be affected by the 4 humors of the body
(blood, yellow bile, black bile, phlegm)

22
Q

William sheldon’s somatotype theory

A

believed personality traits to be associated with body types
endomorphs (fat)- believed to be more shy + secretive
mesomorphs (muscular)- believed to be confident + assertive
exomorphs (skinny)- believed to be friendly + outgoing

23
Q

behaviorist theory of personality

A

believes personality is determined by the environment

24
Q

triadic reciprocality/reciprocal determinism

A

that a person’s personality is determined through 3 factors; their traits, the environment, and their behaviors.

each factor influences the other 2 in a constant motion

25
Q

self effacy

A

how confident you are in your ability to get things done

26
Q

personal-construct theory

A

states that people develop their own constructs in an attempt to understand the world

theory is based off fundamental postulate (states that a person’s past interactions with the world can be used to predict future ones)

27
Q

constructs

A

opposites (ex. smart/dumb, fair/unfair)

28
Q

internal locus of control

A

a person feels like they are responsible for what happens to them

29
Q

external locus of control

A

a person feels like luck & outside forces are responsible for what happens to them

30
Q

determinism

A

the belief that what happens in the present is caused by things outside a person’s will

31
Q

free will

A

a person’s ability to choose their own future
(non humanistic theories don’t acknowledge this)

32
Q

third force

A

humanistic theories, as they contradict with psychoanalytic and behaviorists.

33
Q

self concept

A

a person’s feelings towards themselves

34
Q

self theory (Carl Rogers)

A

states that people are innately good, but require unconditional positive regard in order to reach self actualization

35
Q

unconditional positive regard

A

blanket acceptance. will be accepted no matter what

36
Q

projective tests

A

interpreting ambiguous images
- Rorschach inkblot test- looking at inkblots
- thematic apperception test- showing people in ambiguous situations

37
Q

self report inventories

A

questionnaires asking people about themselves
- Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI-2)

38
Q

Barnum effect

A

the tendency to see yourself as generic, vague descriptions that could apply to anybody.

ap psych (13 decks)

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