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ap psych > ch14 > Flashcards

ch14 Flashcards

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1
Q

social cognition

A

people gathering data & predicting social situations while going through life

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2
Q

atttitude

A

set of beliefs and feelingsm

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3
Q

mere exposure effect

A

the more you are exposed to something, the more you will like it

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4
Q

central route (processing persuasive messages)

A

processes content of message

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5
Q

peripheral route (processing persuasive messages)

A

processes other aspects of the message (like how hot the person giving the message is)

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6
Q

cognitive dissonance theory

A

when people’s attitudes can be changed if you change their behavior

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7
Q

dissonance

A

unpleasant mental tension that usually follows participating in behaviors that go against their attitudes

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8
Q

foot in the door (compliance strategy)

A

a small request is followed by a larger request

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9
Q

door in the face (compliance strategy)

A

a unrealistically large request is followed by a smaller request

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10
Q

norms of reciprocality

A

people tend to feel obligated to return the favor when you do something nice for them

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11
Q

dispositional/person attributions

A

believing the cause is a personal factor

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12
Q

situational attribution

A

believing the cause is a situational/environmental factor

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13
Q

person-stable attribution

A

believing the cause is an unchanging personal factor

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14
Q

person unstable attribution

A

believing the cause is a one time personal factor

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15
Q

situational stable attribution

A

believing the cause is an unchanging situational factor

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16
Q

situational unstable attribution

A

believing the cause is a one time situational factor

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17
Q

Harold Kelly’s theory

A

proposed that people make attributions based off 3 factors:
consistency- how similarly an individual acts in the same situation over time

distinctiveness- how similar the scenario is to other scenarios

consensus- how other people behave in the same scenario

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18
Q

self fulfilling prophecy

A

how other people’s expectations can influence how someone behaves

19
Q

fundamental attribution error

A

overestimating personal attributions and underestimating situational attributions

20
Q

false consensus effect

A

when people overestimate how many others agree with their decisions

21
Q

self serving bias

A

tendency to take more credit for good results than bad ones

22
Q

just world bias

A

the belief that bad things happen to bad people

23
Q

stereotypes

A

ideas/expectations on how certain groups behave

24
Q

prejudice

A

underserved negative attitudes towards a group

25
Q

ethnocentrism

A

the belief that one culture is superior to another

26
Q

discrimination

A

acting on prejudices/acting against certain groups

27
Q

out group homogeneity

A

the tendency to see members of your own group (in group) as more diverse than members of other groups (out groups)

28
Q

in group bias

A

preference for people in your own group

29
Q

contact theory

A

contact between hostile groups can lower hostility, but only if they have a superordinate goal (goal that benefits everyone)

30
Q

instrumental aggression

A

when aggression is used to reach a particular goal

31
Q

hostile aggression

A

aggression with no clear reason

32
Q

frustration aggression hypothesis

A

theorizes that frustration makes aggression more likely

33
Q

bystander effect

A

the larger the group of people that witnesses an event, the less likely anyone is to help

34
Q

diffusion of responsibility

A

the larger the group, the less responsible any single individual feels to help

35
Q

pluralistic ignorance

A

deciding on what appropriate behavior is by copying others around you

36
Q

self disclosure

A

sharing personal info with another

37
Q

social facilitation

A

when the presence of others improves personal performance

38
Q

social impairment

A

presence of others during a difficult task can hurt performance

39
Q

norms

A

rules about how group members should act

40
Q

roles

A

jobs for group members

41
Q

social loafing

A

when an individual puts less effort when in a group than when alone (because they are less likely to be recognized for their own efforts)

42
Q

group polarization

A

tendency for an individual to make more extreme decisions as a group than when alolne

43
Q

groupthink

A

tendency for groups to make bad decisions

44
Q

deindividualization

A

when people in a group do things they would have never done on their own.

ap psych (13 decks)

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