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Microbiology > Ch.12 > Flashcards

Ch.12 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fungi Characteristics

A

Euk Domain, Fungi kingdom, chemoheterotrophs, all multicellular except yeast, absorb food and have sexual and asexual spores. Aerobic or falculculative anaerobe (prefer oxygen for greater yield)

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2
Q

Mycology

A

Study of fungi

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3
Q

Molds

A

made from multicellular organisms

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4
Q

What are the thallus and hyphae

A

The body, thallus, is made of long joined filament cells cells called hyphae, when grown the hyphae make a filamentous mass called mycelium that find and collect food

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5
Q

what are molds

A

fungus that grows in multicellular filaments , only exists as a mycelium (thallus of a spore) and spores come from the tips of each hyphae

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6
Q

What are yeasts

A

single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and are capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

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7
Q

Yeasts that divide symmetrically

A

Fission yeast

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8
Q

Yeasts that divide asymmetrically

A

budding yeasts

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9
Q

Dimorphism

A

two forms of growth, either yeast or a mold. Pathogens, aat 25C it grows in mold, at 37C it is unicellular C02 can also change things.

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10
Q

Asexual spores

A

produced by an individual fungus with mitosis.

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11
Q

Sexual spores

A

produced by the fusion of two nuclei,

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12
Q

Asexual spore that forms in a sac

A

sporangiospore

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13
Q

What are the two hypha forms

A

septate hypha (seperate compartments) and Coenocytic hypha (multi nuclei in one body).

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14
Q

Ariel Hypha

A

disperses spores into the air.

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15
Q

Asexual spore that does not form in a sac

A

Conidiospore

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16
Q

Types of conidiospores

A

Arthrospore (formed from fragments. Blastoconidium, formed from buds, and Chlamydospore formed from rounding and enlargment within a hyphal segment

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17
Q

3 phases of sexual reproduction

A

Plasmogamy, karyogamy, meiosis

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18
Q

Plasmogamy

A

Haploid donor cell nucleus + penetrates - donor cell of recipient cell -

19
Q

karyogamy

A

+ and - nucleus fuse

20
Q

meiosis

A

aka reductive division. diploid nucleus produce haploid cell (sexual spores) 2 to 1

21
Q

3 types of sexual spores

A

zygospore, Ascospore, basidiospore medically important phylae are this with mycota at the end and microsporidia

22
Q

zygospore

A

fusion of haploid spores produce one zygospore

23
Q

Acospore

A

sexual spore formed in a sac

24
Q

Basidiospore

A

sexual spore formed externally on a pedestal

25
Q

Mycoses

A

Fungal Disease

26
Q

Systemic mycoses

A

deep within the body

27
Q

Subcutaneous mycosis

A

beneath the skin

28
Q

Cutaneous mycosis

A

affect skin, hair, nails

29
Q

superficial mycosis

A

localized , hair shafts

30
Q

opportunistic mycosis

A

caused by normal microbiota or environmental fungi

31
Q

zygomycota

A

ceocynitic (multi nuclei) teleomorphic (produce sexual and a sexual cells) can form sporangiospore (asexual sac) and zygospores

32
Q

Microspordia

A

No hyphae no mitochondria , intracelular parasites . diarehhea

33
Q

Ascomycota

A

Septate, sexual +asexual (teleomorphic) sac fungi

34
Q

Anamorphs

A

produce asexual spores only , most are placed in ascomycota

35
Q

Basidiomycota

A

septate produce basidiospores and sometimes conidiophores

36
Q

Lichens

A

they are a combo of an alga and fungus , alga produces carbohydrates, fungus holdfast and protection used for dyes, antimicrobial

37
Q

Algae

A

Protista category most are photoautotrophic but some are chemoheterotrophic , some multicellular , no vascular tissue absorb food via diffusion from surface

38
Q

Phaeophyta

A

brown algea (kelp) , cellulose cell walls , store carbohydrates, arvested for algin, food thickener

39
Q

Diatoms

A

unicellular , medically relevant . Pectin and silica cell walls , store oil and become oil . produces domoic acid, bad for environment. Can harm humans as well. asexual + sexual phases

40
Q

Dinoflagellates

A

cellulose in plasma membrane , unicellular cause neurotoxins that cause shellfish death called saxitoxins

41
Q

Rhodophyta

A

Red algae , cellulose cell walls , mostly multicellular, have chlorophylls A AND B, harvested for agar and carrageenan thickener

42
Q

Chlorophyta

A

Green Algae , celllulose cell walls , uni or multicellular, store sugars

43
Q

oomycota

A

fungus-like algae, water like molds , multi cellular chemoheterotrophic produces zoo spores , decomposers and plant parasites

Microbiology (19 decks)

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