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Biology > ch1 cells > Flashcards

ch1 cells Flashcards

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1
Q

B___ D___ S___ (RBC adaptation, and what it is for)

A

Biconcave Disc Shape
1. SA:Vol increase
2. Rate, diffusion, oxygen, increase

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1
Q

RBC adapation?

A
  1. Has Haemoglobin
  2. Biconcave Disc Shape
  3. No Nucleus

Imagine a cell goes “Nah I want my oxygen dont take it1!!!! <: thats what happens when its irreversible”

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2
Q

H______ (RBC adaptation, and what it is for)

A

Has Haemoglobin
1. Binds, oxygen, reversibly
2. transport, oxygen, from lung, rest of body

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3
Q

N___N____ (RBC adaptation, and what it is for)

A

No Nucleus
1. Increase Space
2. Increase Haemoglobin
3. Increase Oxygen carried -> RBC

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4
Q

Cell wall is…? (In cell drawing)
Cell membrane is…? (In cell drawing)

A

Cell wall: A thick wall
Cell membrane: A singular membrane

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5
Q

cells are…?

A
  • basic unit of life
  • consists, many organelles, perform specific functions
  • functions performed needed sustain life
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6
Q

material

nUcleUs structure

consider the shape and what is inside the nucleus

A
  • spherical
  • double membrane-bound
  • contains genetic material
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7
Q

nucleus funct

A
  • controls, all, biochemical reactions, in the cell
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8
Q

cytoplasm struct

A
  • gel-like substance,
  • enclosed, within, cell surface Membrane
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9
Q

cytoplasm funct

A

site of biochemical reactions

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10
Q

cell surface membrane struct

A

partially permeable membrane

made out of lipids

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11
Q

cell surface membrane funct

A

controls movement of substances,
in, out of cell

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12
Q

Some
Erratic
Rats
struct

A
  • network, tubular, membrane-enclosed structures
  • continuous -> nuclear envelope
  • no ribosomes

some erratic rats scurry along the network of enclosed tubes

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13
Q

SER funct

A

synthesizes lipids
detoxification, of, harmful substances, into, harmless, materials

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14
Q

What is detoxification?

A

conversion, harmful substances -> less harmful substances

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15
Q

RER struct

A

structures
network flattened membrane-enclosed struct

continuous with nuclear envelope,

ribosomes, attached -> surface

  1. network flattened/tubular membrane-enclosed (struct)
  2. continuous w/ nuclear envelope,
  3. ribosomes attached on surface?
16
Q

RER funct

A

Modifies, transports proteins -> Golgi Body

**p.s. the proteins that RER modifies are those that are synthesized by the ribosomes

17
Q

protein synthesis

A
  1. Ribosomes synthesize polypeptides
  2. polypeptides enter RER
  3. where they Fold, form proteins, transported -> Golgi Body
  4. Golgi Body chemically modifies proteins -> functional enzymes, sorts, packages enzymes into secretory vesicles
  5. SV migrate -> cell surface membrane, fuses with CSM -> secrete, enzymes out of cell

dont write any shortform in exam.

18
Q

Ribosome struct

A

small organelle, made out of, protein, RNA

19
Q

Ribosome funct

Hint: in 2 areas

A

attached RER, cytoplasm: synthesize polypeptides

  • in RER: for secretion
  • in cytoplasm: be used within cell
20
Q

G0lgi Body struct

A
  • Curved stacks flattened membrane-bound structures

Its a stack of Gou Zi Ji! Its so curvy for some reason, and flat…, and its bound by an outer membrane of redness! eating it will burst that outer membrane it is bound by

21
Q

G0lgi body funct

A

and of course, recall your protein synthesis stuff

  • Chemically modifies, sorts, packs, proteins, vescicles, for secretion, out of cell

this time it aint to functional enzymes dat not the main pt

based on qn context.

if qn abt. synthesis of hormones then specify.

If not, proteins.

22
Q

Mit0ch0ndria struct

A
  • Ovoid (oh no)
  • double membrane-bound
  • highly folded inner membrane

ah. Mitochondria is so 0void. You can almost see it. Its Mit0ch0ndria, double-membrane bound.

Its inner membrane is highly folded

23
Q

Mit0ch0ndria funct

A

aerobic respiration, oxidises glucose, release energy, biochemical reactions

24
Q

chl0r0plast structure

A
  • ovoid, double-membrane bound
  • inner third membrane contain chlorophyll

chlorophyll hides in the invisible third membrane hehehehe!

25
Q

Vacuole struct (animal)

A
  • Fluid filled space
  • enclosed by a membrane
  • small and numerous

to compare animal and plant:
1. wat it filled by
2. wat it enclosed by
3. size and how numerous

26
Q

VaCu0le struct (plant)

A
  • contains cell sap
  • enclosed by tonoplast
  • large, centralised

Cl0sed. enCl0sed

yes, cellsap is here!! so plasmolysis usually wont have cellsap as its still intact

27
Q

Vacuole funct (both)

A
  • stores water, dissolved substances

I REALLY HOPE WE DONT NEED TO SPECIFY THIS
i got way too much stuff to memo alr man

28
Q

Example of dissolved substances

A

glucose, animo acids

29
Q

Cell wall struct

A

inelastic, strong layer, made of cellulose

fully permeable

30
Q

Cell wall funct

A

protects, cell

from
mechanical damage

31
Q

where are specialised cells from?

A
  • diffrentiate, from, stem cells

you are special because you are different!

32
Q

what are specialised cells for?

A

during differentiation

  • develop, specific structures
  • carry out, specific functions, more efficient
33
Q

Root hair cell adaptation (___, l___ , n____ p___ )and why?

A

has, long, narrow protrusion
- increase SA:vol, faster absorb -> water, mineral salts by diffusion, osmosis

34
Q

Root hair cell adaptation (h___ n____ m____) and why?

A

Has Numerous Mitochondria

Aerobic Respiration, release energy, active transport, mineral salts

35
Q

Xylem vessel adaptation (H__ L__, n__ c__ w__, n__ p__)

A

Hollow lumen
no protoplasm
no cross walls

  • Reduce, resistance, to flow, of materials -> faster transport, water, mineral salts

xylem
hollow
proto
xylos (cross) walls

36
Q

Xylem vessel adaptation (l___ c___ w___)

A

Lignified cell walls
- strengthen cell walls
- provide mechanical support
- prevents xylem, collapse, under negative pressure

37
Q

Muscle cells adaptation (n___ m___)

A

numerous mitochondria

Aerobic respiration, release energy, muscle contractions

38
Q

Which organelle is not visible under the light microscope?

A

Mitochondria

Biology (11 decks)

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