ch1 cells Flashcards
cellz
B___ D___ S___ (RBC adaptation, and what it is for)
Biconcave Disc Shape
1. SA:Vol increase
2. Rate, diffusion, oxygen, increase
RBC adapation?
- Has Haemoglobin
- Biconcave Disc Shape
- No Nucleus
Imagine a cell goes “Nah I want my oxygen dont take it1!!!! <: thats what happens when its irreversible”
H______ (RBC adaptation, and what it is for)
Has Haemoglobin
1. Binds, oxygen, reversibly
2. transport, oxygen, from lung, rest of body
N___N____ (RBC adaptation, and what it is for)
No Nucleus
1. Increase Space
2. Increase Haemoglobin
3. Increase Oxygen carried -> RBC
Cell wall is…? (In cell drawing)
Cell membrane is…? (In cell drawing)
Cell wall: A thick wall
Cell membrane: A singular membrane
cells are…?
- basic unit of life
- consists, many organelles, perform specific functions
- functions performed needed sustain life
material
nUcleUs structure
consider the shape and what is inside the nucleus
- spherical
- double membrane-bound
- contains genetic material
nucleus funct
- controls, all, biochemical reactions, in the cell
cytoplasm struct
- gel-like substance,
- enclosed, within, cell surface Membrane
cytoplasm funct
site of biochemical reactions
cell surface membrane struct
partially permeable membrane
made out of lipids
cell surface membrane funct
controls movement of substances,
in, out of cell
Some
Erratic
Rats
struct
- network, tubular, membrane-bound structures
- continuous -> nuclear envelope
- no ribosomes
some erratic rats scurry along the network of enclosed tubes
SER funct
synthesizes lipids
detoxification, of, harmful substances, into, harmless, materials
What is detoxification?
conversion, harmful substances -> less harmful substances
RER struct
structures
network flattened membrane-enclosed struct
continuous with nuclear envelope,
ribosomes, attached -> surface
- network flattened/tubular membrane-enclosed (struct)
- continuous w/ nuclear envelope,
- ribosomes attached on surface?
RER funct
Modifies, transports proteins -> Golgi Body
**p.s. the proteins that RER modifies are those that are synthesized by the ribosomes
protein synthesis
- Ribosomes synthesize polypeptides
- polypeptides enter RER
- where they Fold, form proteins, transported -> Golgi Body
- Golgi Body chemically modifies proteins -> functional enzymes, sorts, packages enzymes into secretory vesicles
- SV migrate -> cell surface membrane, fuses with CSM -> secrete, enzymes out of cell
dont write any shortform in exam.
Ribosome struct
small organelle, made out of, protein, RNA
Ribosome funct
Hint: in 2 areas
attached RER, cytoplasm: synthesize polypeptides
- in RER: for secretion
- in cytoplasm: be used within cell
G0lgi Body struct
- Curved stacks flattened membrane-bound structures
Its a stack of Gou Zi Ji! Its so curvy for some reason, and flat…, and its bound by an outer membrane of redness! eating it will burst that outer membrane it is bound by
G0lgi body funct
and of course, recall your protein synthesis stuff
- Chemically modifies, sorts, packs, proteins, vescicles, for secretion, out of cell
this time it aint to functional enzymes dat not the main pt
based on qn context.
if qn abt. synthesis of hormones then specify.
If not, proteins.
Mit0ch0ndria struct
- Ovoid (oh no)
- double membrane-bound
- highly folded inner membrane
ah. Mitochondria is so 0void. You can almost see it. Its Mit0ch0ndria, double-membrane bound.
Its inner membrane is highly folded
Mit0ch0ndria funct
aerobic respiration, oxidises glucose, release energy, biochemical reactions
chl0r0plast structure
- ovoid, double-membrane bound
- inner third membrane contain chlorophyll
chlorophyll hides in the invisible third membrane hehehehe!
Vacuole struct (animal)
- Fluid filled space
- enclosed by a membrane
- small and numerous
to compare animal and plant:
1. wat it filled by
2. wat it enclosed by
3. size and how numerous
VaCu0le struct (plant)
- contains cell sap
- enclosed by tonoplast
- large, centralised
Cl0sed. enCl0sed
yes, cellsap is here!! so plasmolysis usually wont have cellsap as its still intact
Vacuole funct (both)
- stores water, dissolved substances
I REALLY HOPE WE DONT NEED TO SPECIFY THIS
i got way too much stuff to memo alr man
Example of dissolved substances
glucose, animo acids
Cell wall struct
inelastic, strong layer, made of cellulose
fully permeable
Cell wall funct
protects, cell
from
mechanical damage
where are specialised cells from?
- diffrentiate, from, stem cells
you are special because you are different!
what are specialised cells for?
during differentiation
- develop, specific structures
- carry out, specific functions, more efficient
Root hair cell adaptation (___, l___ , n____ p___ )and why?
has, long, narrow protrusion
- increase SA:vol, faster absorb -> water, mineral salts by diffusion, osmosis
Root hair cell adaptation (h___ n____ m____) and why?
Has Numerous Mitochondria
Aerobic Respiration, release energy, active transport, mineral salts
Muscle cells adaptation (n___ m___)
numerous mitochondria
Aerobic respiration, release energy, muscle contractions
Which organelle is not visible under the light microscope?
Mitochondria
