ch2 movement of subst@nces Flashcards
osmosis definition
net movement, water molecules
region, higher water potential -> region, lower water potential, thru partially permeable membrane
that 1 video about randomness of movement of particles
no partially permeable membrane = no osmosis
diffusion definition
net movement, particles
region of higher concentration -> lower concentration
active transport definition
movement, particles
region, lower concentration -> higher concentration
with assistance, transport protein, requires cellular energy
Diffusion Format
- higher conc. of (substance) (mol)
in (solution 1) at (location 1) than (solution 2) at (location 2) - (substance) (mol) moved from
(solution 1) at (location 1) to (solution 2) at (location 2) by diffusion
mol:
molecule/ion/atom
Osmosis Format
(solution 1) in (location 1) has higher water potential compared to (solution 2) in (location 2).
water molecules move from (solution 1) at (location 1) to (solution 2) at (location 2) through partially permeable membrane by osmosis
mol:
molecule/ion/atom whatever
Active Transport Format
- higher conc. of (substance) (mol)
in (solution 1) at (location 1) than (solution 2) at (location 2) - (substance) (mol) absorbed from (solution 2) at (location 2) to (solution 1) at (location 1) by active transport with help, (specific transport protein if stated in qns)
For example,
1. There is a lower concentration of magnesium ions in the groundwater than in cell sap of the
root hair cells.
2. Therefore, magnesium ions were absorbed from the groundwater into the root hair cells by
active transport.
Effects of osmosis on turgid plant cell
- distilled water in beaker, higher water potential, cell sap in plant cell;
- Water molecules, moves, distilled water in beaker -> cell sap in plant cell through partially permeable csm, plant cell
- Vacuole increases, size, pushes cell contents against cell wall
strong cell wall, prevents cell, bursting
Cell is turgid.
Effects of osmosis on flaccid/plasmolysed plant cell
- cell sap in plant cell, higher water potential, salt soln in beaker
- Water molecules moves, cell sap in plant cell -> salt soln in beaker, through partially permeable csm, plant cell
- Vacuole smoller size, cell -> flaccid
- prolonged immersion soln., excessive loss water, cytoplasm shrink away, tear from cell wall, plasmolysed
Effects of osmosis on swell and burst animal cell
distilled water in beaker, higher water potential, than cytoplasm in cell
Water molecules moves, distilled water in beaker -> cytoplasm in animal cell, through partially permeable csm
swells and bursts
Effects of osmosis on crenated animal cell
- cytoplasm in cell higher water potential, salt solution in beaker
- Water molecules, cytoplasm in cell -> salt solution in beaker, partially permeable cell surface membrane, animal cell
- shrinks, crenates
Turgid Drawing
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LQacTU0A416kWYxp3Du0-mVf9HBosNswJ_jQ2zTk5X0/edit
Page 4 Turgid Drawing
Flaccid
Plasmolysed
Drawing
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LQacTU0A416kWYxp3Du0-mVf9HBosNswJ_jQ2zTk5X0/edit
Page 5 Flaccid + Plasmolysed Drawing
Passive processes of movement of substances
Diffusion and Osmosis
Which movement of subst@nces require partially permeable membrane?
osmosis
Which movement of substances occur in living cells only?
active transport
- NEED LIVING MEMBRANE w/ TRANSPORT PROTEIN
Osmosis
Diffusion
Active transport
Direction, movement of subst@nces
Osmosis:
Down the water potential gradient
Diffusion:
Down the concentration gradient
Active Transport:
Against the concentration gradient
Which nutrients move into cells through partially permeable cell surface membranes by active transport?
Glucose and animo acids
Swell and Burst drawing
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LQacTU0A416kWYxp3Du0-mVf9HBosNswJ_jQ2zTk5X0/edit
Page 6, Swell and Burst
