Ch. 9.3 Hitler and Nazi Germany

Question 1

Nazi

Answer 1

National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP); Hitler joined 1919 and by 1921 had total control of party; 55,000 members and 15,000 of them in militia; became largest party by 1929

Question 2

Reichstag

Answer 2

German parliament; weak, ruled by Pres. Hindenburg

Question 3

concentration camp

Answer 3

large prison camps set up for people who opposed the new regime

Question 4

Adolf Hitler

Answer 4

born in Austria (April 20, 1889-1945); rejected from Vienna Academy of Fine Arts; served in military for WWI; entered politics in 1919 with Nazi Party; control Nazi party and gained love of the people; 1933: made chancellor; Enabling Act gave him total power; persecuted Jews; Fuhrer; developed totalitarian state to create Third Reich; extreme propaganda, policies, brainwashing, racial discrimination

Question 5

Enabling Act

Answer 5

March 23, 1933: 2/3 vote of Reichstag passed this act; allowed gov’t to ignore constitution for four years to fix problems; Hitler was GIVEN TOTAL POWER!!

Question 6

Heinrich Himmler

Answer 6

strict director of SS (secret police/regular police); goal for SS was to further Aryan master race

Question 7

Nuremburg laws

Answer 7

excluded Jews from German citizenship; Jews defined by heritage; no marriage between Germans and Jews; forced to wear yellow Stars of David; had to carry id cards

Question 8

Kristallnacht

Answer 8

Nov. 9, 1938: “night of shattered glass”; Nazis burned synagogues and destroyed 7,000 Jewish businesses; Jews killed and captured

Question 9

Mein Kampf

Answer 9

“My Struggle”; book written by Hitler in his time in jail; extreme German nationalism+strong anti-Semitism+anticommunism+Social Darwinian theory; outlined Hitler’s plans

Question 10

lebensraum

Answer 10

living space; idea that superior nations should be allowed to expand; supports superior individuals to gain authoritarian leadership

Question 11

anti-Semitism

Answer 11

racism against Jews; belief of Nazi party

Question 12

SA, Storm Troops, Brownshirts

Answer 12

militia of Nazi party; named after uniforms

Question 13

Aryan

Answer 13

term for people speaking Indo-European languages; Nazis used this term to identify ancient Greeks/Romans and 20th century Germans and Scandinavians—-have Third Reich

Question 14

SS

Answer 14

Schutzstaffeln (“Guard Squadrons”); maintain order; originally intended to be Hitler’s bodyguard; led by Heinrich Himmler; SS controlled secret and regular police forces; principles: terror (secret police, concentration camps, etc….) +ideology