Ch. 11.1 Paths to War

Question 1

demilitarized

Answer 1

not permitted to have weapons or fortifications there (ex. demilitarized Rhineland)

Question 2

appeasement

Answer 2

policy based on belief that if European states satisfied reasonable demands of unsatisfied powers, they would be content—>stability and peace in Europe (GB to Germany)

Question 3

New Order

Answer 3

group in East Asia of Japan, Manchuria, China; Japan would establish new system of control and prosperity; Japanese military leaders hoped to make Chiang agree to this

Question 4

sanction

Answer 4

restrictions intended to enforce international law

Question 5

Adolf Hitler

Answer 5

head of Nazi Party and leader of Germany; believed Aryans were superior; wanted to establish Third Reich; created new air force and drafted for military (March 1935); began taking lands (sent troops into Rhineland, Austria [Anschluss-union with Austria], Sudetenland, western Czech and eastern Czech); Sept 1, 1939: invade Poland; Sept. 3: France and GB declare war on Germany

Question 6

Benito Mussolini

Answer 6

Hitler’s ally; dreamed of creating new Roman Empire in Mediterranean; invade Ethiopia (Oct. 1935); formed Rome-Berlin Axis with Germany

Question 7

Joseph Stalin

Answer 7

Soviet dictator; (Aug 23, 1939) Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact—>Hitler granted Stalin control of eastern Poland and Baltic states

Question 8

Chiang Kai-shek

Answer 8

try to avoid conflict with Japan; want to deal with Communists; appeased Japan with northern China lands; Dec 1936: fight against expanding Japanese as united front with Communists; refused to surrender to Japan

Question 9

Rhineland

Answer 9

Hitler sent troops in March 7, 1936 (thought Western powers would not enforce T.O.V. with force)

Question 10

Sudetenland

Answer 10

area in northwestern Czech; inhabited largely by Germans; given to Germans in Munich Conference—>Czechs were helpless

Question 11

Manchukuo

Answer 11

Manchuria; Japan seized it in 1931 (railway fake incident)

Question 12

Third Reich

Answer 12

Aryan racial state that Hitler thought would dominate Europe for thousand years

Question 13

Japanese expansion

Answer 13

supported by Hitler; signed Anti-Comintern Pact with Germany; took (Korea), Manchukuo, northern China, French Indochina; needed resources

Question 14

economic sanctions

Answer 14

U.S. warned Japan to use this unless Japan returned to its 1931 borders; new plan for Japan: attack U.S. and European colonies in SEAsia led by Hideki Tojo