Ch. 10.2 Nationalism in Africa and Asia

Question 1

Pan-Africanism

Answer 1

movement advocating unity of all Africans; supported by DuBois and Garvey

Question 2

Mahatma

Answer 2

“Great Soul”; Indians referred to Gandhi with this

Question 3

civil disobedience

Answer 3

refusal to obey laws considered to be unjust; Gandhi did this to protest British laws

Question 4

zaibatsu

Answer 4

large financial and industrial corporation; in Japan manufacturing processes were concentrated into a single enterprise

Question 5

W. E. B. DuBois

Answer 5

early 1900s; African American educated at Harvard; led movement for civil/political equality; believed in Pan-Africanism; created Pan-African Congress held in 1919 Paris; later live in Ghana

Question 6

Marcus Garvey

Answer 6

Jamaican; lived in Harlem in NYCity; urge black Americans to return to Africa; support Pan-Africanism; 1920 {Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World} impacted African leaders

Question 7

Mohandas Gandhi

Answer 7

active in movement for Indian self-rule before and after WWI; Mahatma; left South Africa (1914); organized mass protests; believed in nonviolence; (1919) British responded with violence; arrested for leading protests; led Salt March (1930) to protest British salt tax—>arrested; religious, Indian, traditional

Question 8

Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer 8

1930s: new face; studied law in GB and was upper-class and intellectual (new kind of politician); secular, Western, modern

Question 9

Ho Chi Minh

Answer 9

Moscow-trained revolutionary in 1920s; organized Vietnamese Communists in French Indochina

Question 10

Nnamdi Azikiwe of Nigeria

Answer 10

began newspaper {The West African Pilot} in 1937 and urged to use nonviolence as means to gain independence;

Question 11

INC

Answer 11

Indian National Congress; founded 1885; seek reforms in British-ruled Indian gov’t; new leader Motilal Nehru wanted full independence

Question 12

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Answer 12

1930s: head of Muslim League; want separation of Hindus and Muslims (because of constant conflict); creation of separate Muslim state of Pakistan

Question 13

Pakistan

Answer 13

“land of the pure”; northwest, separate Muslim state to avoid constant religious conflict with Hindus; led by Jinnah

Question 14

militarism

Answer 14

occurred because of rise in militant nationalists; more army officers take higher positions

Question 15

Manchuria

Answer 15

southern part allowed to be controlled by Japanese (decided in American conference); northern province of China; fall 1931: group of middle-level army officers invaded Manchuria, soon fully conquered; gov’t opposed this but people supported

Question 16

communism

Answer 16

sprouted from Marxism; spread through organizations like Comintern; appealing to other countries, because it looked like it worked in USSR