Ch. 10.3 Revolutionary Chaos in China

Question 1

guerrilla tactics

Answer 1

using unexpected maneuvers (ex. sabotage and subterfuge); used by Mao to win against Chiang

Question 2

redistribution of wealth

Answer 2

shifting of wealth from rich minority to poor majority; Chiang’s supporters were rich so he did not press for this

Question 3

Sun Yat-sen

Answer 3

leader of Nationalists; welcome communist cooperation; work together to drive out imperialists and oppose warlords; 1923: formed alliance with Communists; Northern Expedition (1926) to gain control of China=success; died 1925

Question 4

Chiang Kai-shek

Answer 4

successor to the Nationalists; tensions rose between Nationalists and Communists; started Shanghai Massacre; (1928) set up new Chinese republic in Nanjing; hate communists; want to reunite China

Question 5

Shanghai Massacre

Answer 5

April 1927: strike against Communists in Shanghai; alliance ended; communists go into hiding

Question 6

Mao Zedong

Answer 6

young Communist organizer; thought Chinese revolution would depend on the peasants’s role; two communist bases (urban/rural—>Shanghai/Jiangxi Province);

Question 7

PLA

Answer 7

People’s Liberation Army; Mao’s army; Jiangxi base 1934: PLA was able to break through Chiang’s lines (even though PLA was weaker!); began Long March

Question 8

Nanjing

Answer 8

1928: Chiang founded new Chinese republic here

Question 9

The Long March

Answer 9

PLA marched almost 6,000 miles to reach last Communist base in northern China; many froze/starved; a year later, reached destination; a lot less survivors

Question 10

democratic constitutional government

Answer 10

Chiang wanted to prepare the people for this type of government

Question 11

New Life Movement

Answer 11

set up by Chiang; promote Confucian values and reject excessive individualism and materialism in Western capitalism