ch 9 - pharmacokinetics

Question 1

Study of the movement

and actions of a drug in the body

Answer 1

pharmacokinetics

Question 2

meds that bind strongly to plasma protein albumin (5)

Answer 2

• ceftriaxone
• ibuprofen
• naproxen
• valproic acid
• warfarin

Question 3

the process wherein a
pharmaceutical substance can be
eliminated from the body more
easily

Answer 3

biotransformation

Question 4

how does aging affect biotransformation/metabolism

Answer 4

• decreased liver size
• slower speed metabolism
• med remains in system longer
• increased risk toxicity

Question 5

what should you assess in older adults to prevent drug toxicity

Answer 5

creatinine clearance rates (GFR)

Question 6

how does aging affect absorption of meds

Answer 6

• reduced saliva
• delayed stomach emptying
• slowed intestinal motility
• presbyphagia

Question 7

how does aging affect excretion of meds

Answer 7

-reduced GFR and creatinine clearance

Question 8

taking how many meds increases risk for morbidity and mortality with drug interactions

Answer 8

5+ meds

Question 9

potential consequences of polypharmacy

Answer 9

• drug interactions
• difficulties with compliance
• urinary incontinence
• falls
• cognitive impairment

Question 10

what herbs should not be taken with anticoagulants/warfarin (7)

Answer 10

• echinacea
• garlic
• gingko
• ginseng
• green tea
• red yeast rice
• st johns wort

Question 11

med combos with high potential for adverse interactions (4)

Answer 11

• ACE and potassium sparing diuretics
• ACE/ARBs and septra
• macrolide antibiotics and calcium channel blockers/digoxin
• warfarin and antibiotics/NSAIDs

Question 12

3 most common errors with meds and enteral feeding tubes

Answer 12

• incompatible route
• improper prep
• improper admin

Question 13

3 meds that are high risk meds for adverse drug reactions in older adults

Answer 13

• warfarin
• digoxin
• insulin

Question 14

3 common aging issues with med use

Answer 14

• polypharmacy
• adverse drug reactions (ADRs)
• interactions

Question 15

A study that identified potentially
inappropriate medications for use in the
older adult

Answer 15

beers criteria

Question 16

issues associated with antipsychotic meds (5)

Answer 16

• neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
• acute dystonia
• akathisia
• parkinsonian symptoms
• tardive dyskinesia (TD)

Question 17

S+S neuroleptic malignant syndrome (5)

Answer 17

• high fever
• rigidity
• altered mental status
• tachycardia
• pallor

Question 18

possible adverse event with antipsychotic med: a slow and continuous muscular
contraction or spasm of the mouth,
jaw, face, and neck

Answer 18

acute dystonia

Question 19

possible adverse event with antipsychotic med: compulsion to be in motion, 
restlessness, unable to be still, 
unrelenting desire to move, and 
feeling “like crawling out of my skin.” 
The patient is seen pacing, fidgeting, 
and markedly restless.

Answer 19

akathisia

Question 20

possible adverse event with antipsychotic med: Shuffling gait, tremor

Answer 20

parkinsonian symptoms

Question 21

possible adverse event with antipsychotic med: uncontrolled wormlike movements
of the tongue/face, twisting of
limbs/trunk/neck/face/eyes

Answer 21

tardive dyskinesia

Question 22

S+S adverse drug reactions in older adults (5)

Answer 22

• confusion
• dizziness
• lethargy
• falls
• electrolyte imbalance