ch 4 - cross cultural caring and aging

Question 1

learned values, beliefs, expectations, and often religion, and behaviors, of a group of people

Answer 1

culture

Question 2

cultural beliefs passed down from one generation to another

Answer 2

enculturation

Question 3

a process where persons from one culture adapt to another culture

Answer 3

acculturation

Question 4

existence of more than one group with differing values

and perspectives

Answer 4

cultural diversity

Question 5

6 ethno-racial groups found in US

Answer 5

• african american
• american indian
• asian american
• hispanic
• pacific islander
• white

Question 6

Differences in health status or distribution of care between different population groups, arising from social conditions, in which people are born, grow, live, work and age

Answer 6

health inequities

Question 7

differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of disease and other adverse health
conditions that exist among specific population
groups in the United States

Answer 7

health disparities

Question 8

differences between health disparity and health inequity

Answer 8

disparity: differences in health conditions
inequity: differences in health status/distribution of care, unfair

Question 9

belief that one ethnic/cultural group

is superior to another

Answer 9

ethnocentrism

Question 10

application of limited knowledge of
race ethnicity, age, or culture to an
individual

Answer 10

stereotyping

Question 11

belief that there are no differences present in culture

Answer 11

cultural blindness

Question 12

systematic elimination of the recognized culture

Answer 12

cultural destructiveness

Question 13

what is included in model for cross-cultural caring (worst to best)

Answer 13

• cultural destructiveness
• cultural blindness
• cultural precompetence
• cultural competence
• cultural proficiency

Question 14

A phenotype as expressed in observable traits,
such as eye color, facial structure, hair texture, and
especially skin tones

Answer 14

race

Question 15

Refers to the cultural group with which one self-

identifies (complex); expressed through language, dress, traditions, symbols

Answer 15

ethnicity

Question 16

orientation to time: actions related to past concepts can cause illness today

Answer 16

past

Question 17

orientation to time: if there is a
problem today, it needs to
be addressed today

Answer 17

present

Question 18

orientation to time: illness can be
addressed later or affected
later

Answer 18

future

Question 19

disease is result of abnormalities in structure and function of body organs
or illness/disease caused by intrusion of pathogens

Answer 19

biomedical perspective

Question 20

illness believed to be by the actions of a higher power, a super-natural
force such as God(s), ghosts, ancestors, or evil spirits

Answer 20

macro-religious perspective

Question 21

health as a sign of balance—right amount of exercise, food, sleep,
evacuation, interpersonal relationships, or geophysical and metaphysical
forces in the universe

Answer 21

naturalistic/holistic perspective

Question 22

3 types of health belief perspectives

Answer 22

• biomedical
• macroreligious
• naturalistic/holistic

Question 23

guidelines for working with interpreters

Answer 23

• meet with interpreter first (tell them to avoid personal opinions, communicate pts actual words)
• look and speak directly to pt, not interpreter
• use short units of speech and simple language
• listen to person and watch nonverbal communication

Question 24

3 cultural assessment tools

Answer 24

• kleinman’s explanatory model
• leninger’s sunshine model
• spector’s heritage assessment tool

Question 25

what is the LEARN model

Answer 25

L: listen carefully
E: explain your perception of the problem
A: acknowledge and discuss similarities/differences between pts and your perceptions of problem and goals
R: recommend plan of action
N: negotiate plan that is mutually acceptable